JDK1.6版添加了新的ScriptEngine类,允许用户直接执行js代码。
不能调用浏览器中定义的js函数,会抛出异常提示ReferenceError: “alert” is not defined。
package com.sinaapp.manjushri; 点击打开链接 import javax.script.ScriptEngine; import javax.script.ScriptEngineManager; import javax.script.ScriptException; /** * 直接调用js代码 */ public class ScriptEngineTest { public static void main(String[] args) { ScriptEngineManager manager = new ScriptEngineManager(); ScriptEngine engine = manager.getEngineByName("javascript"); try{ engine.eval("var a=3; var b=4;print (a+b);"); // engine.eval("alert(\"js alert\");"); // 不能调用浏览器中定义的js函数 // 错误,会抛出alert引用不存在的异常 }catch(ScriptException e){ e.printStackTrace(); } } }输出结果:7
在调用engine.get(key);时,如果key没有定义,则返回null
package com.sinaapp.manjushri; import javax.script.Bindings; import javax.script.ScriptContext; import javax.script.ScriptEngine; import javax.script.ScriptEngineManager; import javax.script.ScriptException; public class ScriptEngineTest2 { public static void main(String[] args) { ScriptEngineManager manager = new ScriptEngineManager(); ScriptEngine engine = manager.getEngineByName("javascript"); engine.put("a", 4); engine.put("b", 3); Bindings bindings = engine.getBindings(ScriptContext.ENGINE_SCOPE); try { // 只能为Double,使用Float和Integer会抛出异常 Double result = (Double) engine.eval("a+b"); System.out.println("result = " + result); engine.eval("c=a+b"); Double c = (Double)engine.get("c"); System.out.println("c = " + c); } catch (ScriptException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }输出: result = 7.0 c = 7.0
js文件中的merge函数将两个参数a,b相加,并返回c。
// expression.js function merge(a, b) { c = a * b; return c; }在Java代码中读取js文件,并参数两个参数,然后回去返回值。
package com.sinaapp.manjushri; import java.io.FileReader; import javax.script.Invocable; import javax.script.ScriptEngine; import javax.script.ScriptEngineManager; /** * Java调用并执行js文件,传递参数,并活动返回值 * * @author manjushri */ public class ScriptEngineTest { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { ScriptEngineManager manager = new ScriptEngineManager(); ScriptEngine engine = manager.getEngineByName("javascript"); String jsFileName = "expression.js"; // 读取js文件 FileReader reader = new FileReader(jsFileName); // 执行指定脚本 engine.eval(reader); if(engine instanceof Invocable) { Invocable invoke = (Invocable)engine; // 调用merge方法,并传入两个参数 // c = merge(2, 3); Double c = (Double)invoke.invokeFunction("merge", 2, 3); System.out.println("c = " + c); } reader.close(); } }输出结果: c = 5.0
java调用脚本语言笔记(jython,jruby,groovy)
有两种方法 1.Java SE 6以后实现了jsr 223规范 java代码:
[java] ScriptEngineManager factory = new ScriptEngineManager(); ScriptEngineManager scriptEngine = factory.getEngineByName("javascript");//或者"js" scriptEngine.eval(code);//执行一段脚本,code是js代码很方便调用脚本
2.可以使用脚本语方本身提供的与java的集成手段
jython集成 使用jsr223: 前提下载jython的包,已实现jsr223 (建议在官网上下载,在安装目录下有jython.jar,http://repo2.maven.org/maven2/org/python/jython/2.5.0/ 这里也有,但是这个包里没有jsr223的实现,看包下存不存在org.Python.jsr223)
[java] ScriptEngineManager factory = new ScriptEngineManager(); ScriptEngineManager scriptEngine = factory.getEngineByName("python");//或者"jython" scriptEngine.eval(code);使用PythonInterpreter,可以调用exec(String code)方法:
[java] PythonInterpreter interpreter = new PythonInterpreter(); interpreter.exec(code);访问数据库 使用jdbc:
[python] from oracle.jdbc.driver import OracleDriver from java.sql import DriverManager username = 'hr' password = '123456' url = 'jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:XE' driver = OracleDriver() DriverManager.registerDriver(driver) conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, username, password) stmt = conn.createStatement() sql = "select salary from EMPLOYEES t where t.salary<2300" rs = stmt.executeQuery(sql) while (rs.next()): print rs.getInt('salary') rs.close() stmt.close()结果: 2200 2100 2200
使用zxJDBC :
[python] from com.ziclix.python.sql import zxJDBC url = 'jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:XE' username = 'hr' password = '123456' driverName = 'oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver' mysqlConn = zxJDBC.connect(url,username, password,driverName) cursor = mysqlConn.cursor() cursor.execute("select last_name from EMPLOYEES t where t.salary<2300"); #print cursor.fetchone() list = cursor.fetchall() for record in list: print "name:"+record[0] #print cursor.description[0] #print cursor.description[1]结果: name:麦克 name:Olson name:Philtanker
从数据库中查出的中文内容正常的。 而在代码里面的中文全部是乱码或抛异常,未解决。
与jruby集成 使用jsr223:Java代码
[java] ScriptEngineManager factory = new ScriptEngineManager(); ScriptEngineManager scriptEngine = factory.getEngineByName("jruby");//或者"ruby" scriptEngine.eval(code);访问数据库
Ruby代码
[ruby] require 'java' module JavaLang include_package "java.lang" end module JavaSql include_package 'java.sql' end begin username = 'hr' password = '123456' url = 'jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:XE' driverName = 'oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver' JavaLang::Class.forName(driverName).newInstance conn = JavaSql::DriverManager.getConnection(url, username, password) stmt = conn.createStatement sql = "select last_name from EMPLOYEES t where t.salary<2300" rs = stmt.executeQuery(sql) while (rs.next) do puts "名字:"+rs.getString("last_name") end rs.close stmt.close conn.close() rescue JavaLang::ClassNotFoundException puts "ClassNotFoundException" rescue JavaSql::SQLException puts "SQLException" end
结果: 名字:楹﹀厠 名字:Olson 名字:Philtanker
从数据库中查出的中文内容为乱码的。 而在代码里面的中文正常。
与groovy集成 使用jsr223:
Java代码
[java] ScriptEngineManager factory = new ScriptEngineManager(); ScriptEngineManager scriptEngine = factory.getEngineByName("groovy");//或者"Groovy" scriptEngine.eval(code);使用GroovyShell:
Java代码
[java] GroovyShell shell = new GroovyShell(); Script script = shell.parse(code); Object result = script.run();访问数据库
Groovy代码import groovy.sql.Sql def username = 'hr' def password = '123456' def url = 'jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:XE' def driverName = 'oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver' def sql = Sql.newInstance(url, username, password, driverName) sql.eachRow("select last_name from EMPLOYEES t where t.salary<2300") { println "名字:${it.last_name}" }
结果: 名字:麦克 名字:Olson 名字:Philtanker
在使用groovy过程中碰到了一个异常 Exception in thread "main" java.lang.VerifyError: (class: groovy/runtime/metaclass/java/util/ArrayListMetaClass, method: super$2$invokeMethod signature: (Ljava/lang/Class;Ljava/lang/Object;Ljava/lang/String;[Ljava/lang/Object;ZZ)Ljava/lang/Object;) Illegal use of nonvirtual function call 这个异常解决花了很长时间 是因为在原来项目中存在json-lib-2.1.jar(有可能名称为json-lib-2.1-jdk15.jar),这个包是用来处理json的,与groovy1.7.5存在冲突,更新为json-lib-2.3.jar即可 (json-lib里有一些groovy运行时处理的内容)