微信公众平台向特定用户推送消息

最近研究微信公众平台，这里整理了一下向特定用户推送消息的思路

一、首先需要将微信的openid与系统用户绑定。

在用户关注公众平台的时候，回复一个链接，要求用户绑定，可以设计如下消息进行回复，（openid最好进行加密处理，后者还需要用这个字段绑定fakeid）。

欢迎关注有问必答平台,< a  href='http://myweixin123.duapp.com/bind.html?openid=@openid'>点击此处进行用户绑定</ a >!

在bind.html页面将openid与系统的usercode进行绑定，这个绑定过程非常简单，这里不详叙述。

二、将openid与fakeid进行绑定

微信公众平台是一回一答的模式；但是在微信公众平台后台，可以向特定用户进行消息发送。我们利用这个机制使用代码去模拟这个过程来实现消息推送。

首先需要模拟登录：

using  System; using  System.Collections.Generic; using  System.Linq; using  System.Web; using  System.Security.Cryptography; using  System.Text; using  System.Net; using  System.IO; using  System.Security.Authentication; using  System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates; /// <summary> ///WeiXinLogin 的摘要说明 /// </summary> public  class  WeiXinLogin {           /// <summary>      /// MD5　32位加密      /// </summary>      /// <param name="str"></param>      /// <returns></returns>      static  string  GetMd5Str32( string  str)      {          MD5CryptoServiceProvider md5Hasher = new  MD5CryptoServiceProvider();          // Convert the input string to a byte array and compute the hash.           char [] temp = str.ToCharArray();          byte [] buf = new  byte [temp.Length];          for  ( int  i = 0; i < temp.Length; i++)          {              buf[i] = ( byte )temp[i];          }          byte [] data = md5Hasher.ComputeHash(buf);          // Create a new Stringbuilder to collect the bytes           // and create a string.           StringBuilder sBuilder = new  StringBuilder();          // Loop through each byte of the hashed data            // and format each one as a hexadecimal string.           for  ( int  i = 0; i < data.Length; i++)          {              sBuilder.Append(data[i].ToString( "x2" ));          }          // Return the hexadecimal string.           return  sBuilder.ToString();      }        public  static  bool  ExecLogin( string  name, string  pass)      {          bool  result = false ;          string  password = GetMd5Str32(pass).ToUpper();          string  padata = "username="  + name + "&pwd="  + password + "&imgcode=&f=json" ;          string  url = "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/login?lang=zh_CN " ;//请求登录的URL          try          {              CookieContainer cc = new  CookieContainer(); //接收缓存              byte [] byteArray = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(padata); // 转化              HttpWebRequest webRequest2 = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);  //新建一个WebRequest对象用来请求或者响应url              ServicePointManager.CertificatePolicy = new  AcceptAllCertificatePolicy();                webRequest2.CookieContainer = cc;                                      //保存cookie               webRequest2.Method = "POST" ;                                          //请求方式是POST              webRequest2.UserAgent = "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/30.0.1599.69 Safari/537.36" ;              webRequest2.Referer = "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/" ;              webRequest2.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded" ;       //请求的内容格式为application/x-www-form-urlencoded              webRequest2.ContentLength = byteArray.Length;              Stream newStream = webRequest2.GetRequestStream();           //返回用于将数据写入 Internet 资源的 Stream。              // Send the data.              newStream.Write(byteArray, 0, byteArray.Length);    //写入参数              newStream.Close();              HttpWebResponse response2 = (HttpWebResponse)webRequest2.GetResponse();              StreamReader sr2 = new  StreamReader(response2.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.Default);              string  text2 = sr2.ReadToEnd();                //此处用到了newtonsoft来序列化              WeiXinRetInfo retinfo = Newtonsoft.Json.JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<WeiXinRetInfo>(text2);              string  token = string .Empty;              if  (retinfo.ErrMsg.Length > 0)              {                  token = retinfo.ErrMsg.Split( new  char [] { '&'  })[2].Split( new  char [] { '='  })[1].ToString(); //取得令牌                  LoginInfo.LoginCookie = cc;                  LoginInfo.CreateDate = DateTime.Now;                  LoginInfo.Token = token;                  result = true ;              }          }          catch  (Exception ex)          {                          throw  new  Exception(ex.StackTrace);          }          return  result;      }        public  static  class  LoginInfo      {          /// <summary>          /// 登录后得到的令牌          /// </summary>                 public  static  string  Token { get ; set ; }          /// <summary>          /// 登录后得到的cookie          /// </summary>          public  static  CookieContainer LoginCookie { get ; set ; }          /// <summary>          /// 创建时间          /// </summary>          public  static  DateTime CreateDate { get ; set ; }        }      internal  class  AcceptAllCertificatePolicy : ICertificatePolicy      {          public  AcceptAllCertificatePolicy()          {          }            public  bool  CheckValidationResult(ServicePoint sPoint,             X509Certificate cert, WebRequest wRequest, int  certProb)          {              // Always accept               return  true ;          }      }  }

获取fakeid

public  static  ArrayList SubscribeMP() {        try      {          CookieContainer cookie = null ;          string  token = null ;              cookie = WeiXinLogin.LoginInfo.LoginCookie; //取得cookie          token = WeiXinLogin.LoginInfo.Token; //取得token            /*获取用户信息的url，这里有几个参数给大家讲一下，1.token此参数为上面的token 2.pagesize此参数为每一页显示的记录条数            3.pageid为当前的页数，4.groupid为微信公众平台的用户分组的组id，当然这也是我的猜想不一定正确*/          string  Url = "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/contactmanage?t=user/index&pagesize=10&pageidx=0&type=0&groupid=0&token="  + token + "&lang=zh_CN" ;          HttpWebRequest webRequest2 = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(Url);          webRequest2.CookieContainer = cookie;          webRequest2.ContentType = "text/html; charset=UTF-8" ;          webRequest2.Method = "GET" ;          webRequest2.UserAgent = "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1; rv:2.0.1) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/4.0.1" ;          webRequest2.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded" ;          HttpWebResponse response2 = (HttpWebResponse)webRequest2.GetResponse();          StreamReader sr2 = new  StreamReader(response2.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.Default);          string  text2 = sr2.ReadToEnd();              MatchCollection mc;            //由于此方法获取过来的信息是一个html网页所以此处使用了正则表达式，注意：（此正则表达式只是获取了fakeid的信息如果想获得一些其他的信息修改此处的正则表达式就可以了。）          Regex r = new  Regex( "\"id\"\\:\\d+,\"nick_name\"" ); //定义一个Regex对象实例          mc = r.Matches(text2);          Int32 friendSum = mc.Count;          //好友总数            string  fackID = "" ;            ArrayList fackID1 = new  ArrayList();            for  ( int  i = 0; i < friendSum; i++)          {              //"id":208989515,"nick_name"              fackID = mc[i].Value.Replace( ",\"nick_name\"" , "" ).Split( new  char [] { ':'  })[1];              fackID = fackID.Replace( "\"" , "" ).Trim();              fackID1.Add(fackID);          }            return  fackID1;            }      catch  (Exception ex)      {          throw  new  Exception(ex.StackTrace);      } }

根据fakeid获取openid

public static string GetOpenidByFakeid(string fakeid) { try { CookieContainer cookie = null; string token = null; cookie = WeiXinLogin.LoginInfo.LoginCookie;//取得cookie token = WeiXinLogin.LoginInfo.Token;//取得token string Url = "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/singlemsgpage?msgid=&source=&count=20&t=wxm-singlechat&fromfakeid=" + fakeid + "&token=" + token + "&lang=zh_CN"; HttpWebRequest webRequest2 = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(Url); webRequest2.CookieContainer = cookie; webRequest2.ContentType = "text/html; charset=UTF-8"; webRequest2.Method = "GET"; webRequest2.UserAgent = "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1; rv:2.0.1) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/4.0.1"; webRequest2.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"; HttpWebResponse response2 = (HttpWebResponse)webRequest2.GetResponse(); StreamReader sr2 = new StreamReader(response2.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.UTF8); string text2 = sr2.ReadToEnd(); HtmlDocument doc = new HtmlDocument(); doc.LoadHtml(text2); var str = doc.GetElementbyId("json-msgList").InnerHtml; JArray messages = JArray.Parse(str); foreach (var message in messages) { string strContent = HttpUtility.HtmlDecode(message["content"].ToString()); Regex reg = new Regex(@"(?is)<a[^>]*?href=(['""\s]?)(?<href>[^'""\s]*)\1[^>]*?>"); MatchCollection match = reg.Matches(strContent); var href = ""; foreach (Match m in match) { href = m.Groups["href"].Value; } var openid = GetUrlParamValue(href, "openid"); if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(openid)) return openid; } return ""; } catch (Exception ex) { return ""; } }

 

由于之前有建立openid与usercode的关系，所以可以根据usercode找到openid，又可以根据openid找到fakeid。使用下面代码进行推送：

public  static  bool  SendMessage( string  Message, string  fakeid) {      bool  result = false ;      CookieContainer cookie = null ;      string  token = null ;      cookie = WeiXinLogin.LoginInfo.LoginCookie; //取得cookie      token =  WeiXinLogin.LoginInfo.Token; //取得token        string  strMsg = System.Web.HttpUtility.UrlEncode(Message);  //对传递过来的信息进行url编码      string  padate = "type=1&content="  + strMsg + "&error=false&tofakeid="  + fakeid + "&token="  + token + "&ajax=1" ;      string  url = "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/singlesend?t=ajax-response&lang=zh_CN" ;        byte [] byteArray = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(padate); // 转化        HttpWebRequest webRequest2 = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);        webRequest2.CookieContainer = cookie; //登录时得到的缓存        webRequest2.Referer = "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/singlemsgpage?token="  + token + "&fromfakeid="  + fakeid + "&msgid=&source=&count=20&t=wxm-singlechat&lang=zh_CN" ;        webRequest2.Method = "POST" ;        webRequest2.UserAgent = "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1; rv:2.0.1) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/4.0.1" ;        webRequest2.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded" ;        webRequest2.ContentLength = byteArray.Length;        Stream newStream = webRequest2.GetRequestStream();        // Send the data.                 newStream.Write(byteArray, 0, byteArray.Length);    //写入参数           newStream.Close();        HttpWebResponse response2 = (HttpWebResponse)webRequest2.GetResponse();        StreamReader sr2 = new  StreamReader(response2.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.Default);        string  text2 = sr2.ReadToEnd();      if  (text2.Contains( "ok" ))      {          result = true ;      }      return  result; }

　　

可以写一个长期运行的windows服务用于建立fakeid和openid的关系，这里不再详诉。

 

 

作者：朱祁林 出处：http://zhuqil.cnblogs.com 本文版权归作者和博客园共有，欢迎转载，但未经作者同意必须保留此段声明，且在文章页面明显位置给出原文连接，否则保留追究法律责任的权利。