Ubuntu16.04搭建gitolite服务器

    xiaoxiao2022-06-23  32

    原文地址:http://blog.csdn.net/zk673820543/article/details/52535601

    gitosis已经不更新,所以这里用gitolite进行git服务器的搭建

    环境:

    Ubuntu16.04 +gitolite

    一、安装Ubuntu16.04

    在这里,我使用在虚拟机上进行操作。

    网上很多教程,跳过这一步

    二、安装git、sshopen-server、sshopen-client(服务器端)

    ljaer@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get update ljaer@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get install git openssh-server openssh-client

    三、生成SSH key(客户端)

    这里,我的客户端和服务器端在同一台机子

    ljaer@ubuntu:~$ ssh-keygen -t rsa -C zk Generating public/private rsa key pair. Enter file in which to save the key (/home/ljaer/.ssh/id_rsa): Created directory '/home/ljaer/.ssh'. Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): Enter same passphrase again: Your identification has been saved in /home/ljaer/.ssh/id_rsa. Your public key has been saved in /home/ljaer/.ssh/id_rsa.pub. The key fingerprint is: SHA256:RiIjGgr6n9xvUBCDQ5hlh6oNK8IxsiaIKwLE9TfkZWY zk The key's randomart image is: +---[RSA 2048]----+ | =+o+. | | oo+..o E | |+ o.+.+.* | |*B.. + *. | |X*o ..S | |@+. .. | |*.. . | |+ o o . | |o + .o. | +----[SHA256]-----+ ljaer@ubuntu:~$

    运行命令后,一直按回车键知道SSH Key生成

    ljaer@ubuntu:~$ cd /home/ljaer/.ssh/ ljaer@ubuntu:~/.ssh$ ls id_rsa id_rsa.pub

    四、将生成的SSH public key拷贝到服务器(客户端)

    这里注意,为了区分SSH public key,请将SSH public key重命名,最好是用用户名命名。例如 <user-name>.pub

    ljaer@ubuntu:~$ mv /home/ljaer/.ssh/id_rsa.pub zk.pub ljaer@ubuntu:~$ scp zk.pub ljaer@192.168.3.218:/tmp The authenticity of host '192.168.3.218 (192.168.3.218)' can't be established. ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:oemRCxCBXtX8OWfvuNo7U4SVKX9KLBMZvYeuYvGMN5w. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes Warning: Permanently added '192.168.3.218' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts. ljaer@192.168.3.218's password: zk.pub 100% 384 0.4KB/s 00:00

    五、创建Git用户(服务器端)

    ljaer@ubuntu:~$ sudo adduser \ > --system \ > --shell /bin/bash \ > --gecos 'Git SCM User' \ > --group \ > --disabled-password \ > --home /home/git git [sudo] password for ljaer: Adding system user `git' (UID 122) ... Adding new group `git' (GID 129) ... Adding new user `git' (UID 122) with group `git' ... Creating home directory `/home/git' ...

    六、下载Gitolite源码(服务器端)

    ljaer@ubuntu:~$ sudo su git git@ubuntu:/home/ljaer$ cd $HOME git@ubuntu:~$ git clone http://github.com/sitaramc/gitolite Cloning into 'gitolite'... remote: Counting objects: 9300, done. remote: Total 9300 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0), pack-reused 9300 Receiving objects: 100% (9300/9300), 2.92 MiB | 134.00 KiB/s, done. Resolving deltas: 100% (5752/5752), done. Checking connectivity... done.

    七、安装Gitolite(服务器端)

    git@ubuntu:~$ mkdir -p ${HOME}/bin git@ubuntu:~$ ${HOME}/gitolite/install -to ${HOME}/bin八、设置SSH public key(服务器端)

    git@ubuntu:~$ ${HOME}/bin/gitolite setup -pk /tmp/zk.pub Initialized empty Git repository in /home/git/repositories/gitolite-admin. Initialized empty Git repository in /home/git/repositories/testing.git/ WARNING: /home/git/.ssh missing; creating a new one (this is normal on a brand new install) WARNING: /home/git/.ssh/authorized_keys missing; creating a new one (this is normal on a brand new install)

    九、克隆Gitolite管理库(客户端)

    ljaer@ubuntu:~$ git clone git@192.168.3.218:gitolite-admin.git Cloning into 'gitolite-admin'... remote: Counting objects: 6, done. remote: Compressing objects: 100% (4/4), done. Receiving objects: 100% (6/6), 719 bytes | 0 bytes/s, done. remote: Total 6 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0) Checking connectivity... done.

    你可以看到在管理库里,有两个目录, conf/和keydir/,其中conf/下面有个名为gitolite.conf的配置文件。 conf/gitolite.conf 用于Git项目配置,访问权限设置。 keydir/ 用于存储用户的SSH public key(公钥)。

    Git项目配置和访问权限设置请看Gitolite的README.txt文档。

    十、配置git项目(客户端)

    为了增加Git项目到Gitolite服务器,有两种方法:

    方法1:

    添加一个新的Git项目

    修改gitolite,conf

    例如,新建一个名为foo的Git项目,首先需要在conf/gitolite.conf里注册foo项目

    假设你已经克隆了gitolite-admin.git项目,编辑conf/gitolite.conf,增加下面的内容

    repo foo RW+ = @all

    然后提交这部分修改,并push到远程

    ljaer@ubuntu:~/gitolite-admin$ git add . ljaer@ubuntu:~/gitolite-admin$ git commit -m "add foo" [master e0c537e] add foo 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+) ljaer@ubuntu:~/gitolite-admin$ git push origin master Counting objects: 4, done. Compressing objects: 100% (3/3), done. Writing objects: 100% (4/4), 365 bytes | 0 bytes/s, done. Total 4 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0) remote: Initialized empty Git repository in /home/git/repositories/foo.git/ To git@192.168.3.218:gitolite-admin.git c72e3b3..e0c537e master -> master

    现在Git项目foo已经设置好了。用户可以从服务器上克隆foo了

    ljaer@ubuntu:~/gitolite-admin$ git clone git@192.168.3.218:foo.git Cloning into 'foo'... warning: You appear to have cloned an empty repository. Checking connectivity... done.

    方法2:

    添加一个存在的Git项目 如果你有一个已经存在的项目,也想将其添加到Gitolite的服务器里。这很简单,但是首先你依然需要在gitolite.conf里注册这个项目。然后执行下面的操作:

    cd foo git remote rm origin git remote add origin ljaer@192.168.3.218.foo.git git push origin master

    如果你有多个branch,那么checkout到哪个branch,执行

    git push origin <branch-name>

    十一、其他客户机下载项目

    将其他客户机下载git服务器上的项目

    jaer@DESKTOP-OIJKKL8 MINGW64 ~/Desktop $ git clone git@192.168.3.218:foo.git Cloning into 'foo'... git@192.168.3.218's password: fatal: 'foo.git' does not appear to be a git repository fatal: Could not read from remote repository. Please make sure you have the correct access rights and the repository exists. 报错了,项目下载不下来

    权限问题,该客户机的id_rsa.pub没有上传到git服务器

    为了便于识别,将id_rsa.pub改为zhangkai.pub

    上传至gitolite-admin.git项目下的/keydir/目录下

    由于刚才第九步是克隆git管理库在192.168.3.218上,所以讲该客户端的git认证上传到该管理库

    客户端

    jaer@DESKTOP-OIJKKL8 MINGW64 ~/.ssh $ scp zhangkai.pub ljaer@192.168.3.218:/home/ljaer/gitolite-admin/keydir/ ljaer@192.168.3.218's password: zhangkai.pub 100% 402 0.4KB/s 00:00

    管理端

    ljaer@ubuntu:~/gitolite-admin/keydir$ ls zhangkai.pub zk.pub ljaer@ubuntu:~/gitolite-admin/keydir$ git status On branch master Your branch is up-to-date with 'origin/master'. Untracked files: (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed) zhangkai.pub nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use "git add" to track) ljaer@ubuntu:~/gitolite-admin/keydir$ git add . ljaer@ubuntu:~/gitolite-admin/keydir$ git commit -m "add zhangkai.pub" [master 7136ed0] add zhangkai.pub 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+) create mode 100644 keydir/zhangkai.pub ljaer@ubuntu:~/gitolite-admin/keydir$ git push origin master Counting objects: 4, done. Compressing objects: 100% (4/4), done. Writing objects: 100% (4/4), 678 bytes | 0 bytes/s, done. Total 4 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0) To git@192.168.3.218:gitolite-admin.git 279ecec..7136ed0 master -> master 再在客户端下载项目

    jaer@DESKTOP-OIJKKL8 MINGW64 ~/Desktop $ git clone git@192.168.3.218:foo.git Cloning into 'foo'... remote: Counting objects: 3, done. remote: Total 3 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0) Receiving objects: 100% (3/3), done. Checking connectivity... done. 成功下载

    参考文章:

    http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-15174104-id-3843570.html

    转载请注明原文地址: https://ju.6miu.com/read-1123365.html

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