java(优化24) Redis主要的五种数据类型使用

服务搭建好以后可以使用.net版本redis操作类库ServiceStack.Redis来操作redis，本文会用到以下三个dll。

初始化RedisClient对象

var client = new RedisClient("120.26.197.185", 6379);

一、主要类型简介

1.String

    String是最常用的一种数据类型，普通的key/value存储都可以归为此类，value其实不仅是String，也可以是数字

    比如想知道什么时候封锁一个IP地址(访问超过几次)。INCRBY命令让这些变得很容易，通过原子递增保持计数。  

#"字符串类型" client.Set<string>("name", "laowang"); string userName = client.Get<string>("name"); Console.WriteLine(userName); //访问次数 client.Set<int>("IpAccessCount", 0); //次数递增 client.Incr("IpAccessCount"); Console.WriteLine(client.Get<int>("IpAccessCount"));

2.Hash

一个hashid可以存储多项信息，每一项信息也有自己的key。

client.SetEntryInHash("userInfoId", "name", "zhangsan"); client.SetEntryInHash("userInfoId", "name1", "zhangsan1"); client.SetEntryInHash("userInfoId", "name2", "zhangsan2"); client.SetEntryInHash("userInfoId", "name3", "zhangsan3"); client.GetHashKeys("userInfoId").ForEach(e => Console.WriteLine(e)); client.GetHashValues("userInfoId").ForEach(e => Console.WriteLine(e));

3.List

　　应用场景：  

 Redis list的应用场景非常多，也是Redis最重要的数据结构之一。   我们可以轻松地实现最新消息排行等功能。   Lists的另一个应用就是消息队列，可以利用Lists的PUSH操作，将任务存在Lists中，然后工作线程再用POP操作将任务取出进行执行。  #"List类型" client.AddItemToList("userInfoId1", "123"); client.AddItemToList("userInfoId1", "1234"); Console.WriteLine("List数据项条数:" + client.GetListCount("userInfoId1")); Console.WriteLine("List数据项第一条数据:" + client.GetItemFromList("userInfoId1", 0)); Console.WriteLine("List所有数据"); client.GetAllItemsFromList("userInfoId1").ForEach(e => Console.WriteLine(e)); #"List类型做为队列和栈使用" Console.WriteLine(client.GetListCount("userInfoId1")); //队列先进先出 //Console.WriteLine(client.DequeueItemFromList("userInfoId1")); //Console.WriteLine(client.DequeueItemFromList("userInfoId1")); //栈后进先出 Console.WriteLine("出栈"+client.PopItemFromList("userInfoId1")); Console.WriteLine("出栈"+client.PopItemFromList("userInfoId1"));

4.Set

　　应用场景：  

Redis set对外提供的功能与list类似是一个列表的功能，特殊之处在于set是可以自动排重的，当你需要存储一个列表数据，又不希望出现重复数据时，set是一个很好的选择，并且set提供了判断某个成员是否在一个set集合内的重要接口，这个也是list所不能提供的。  比如在微博应用中，每个人的好友存在一个集合（set）中，这样求两个人的共同好友的操作，可能就只需要用求交集命令即可。  Redis还为集合提供了求交集、并集、差集等操作，可以非常方便的实   client.AddItemToSet("A", "B"); client.AddItemToSet("A", "C"); client.AddItemToSet("A", "D"); client.AddItemToSet("A", "E"); client.AddItemToSet("A", "F"); client.AddItemToSet("B", "C"); client.AddItemToSet("B", "F"); //求差集 Console.WriteLine("A,B集合差集"); client.GetDifferencesFromSet("A", "B").ToList<string>().ForEach(e => Console.Write(e + ",")); //求集合交集 Console.WriteLine("\nA,B集合交集"); client.GetIntersectFromSets(new string[] { "A", "B" }).ToList<string>().ForEach(e => Console.Write(e + ",")); //求集合并集 Console.WriteLine("\nA,B集合并集"); client.GetUnionFromSets(new string[] { "A", "B" }).ToList<string>().ForEach(e => Console.Write(e + ","));

5.Sort Set(排序)

　　应用场景：

以某个条件为权重，比如按顶的次数排序.  ZREVRANGE命令可以用来按照得分来获取前100名的用户，ZRANK可以用来获取用户排名，非常直接而且操作容易。  Redis sorted set的使用场景与set类似，区别是set不是自动有序的，而sorted set可以通过用户额外提供一个优先级(score)的参数来为成员排序，并且是插入有序的，即自动排序。  比如:twitter 的public timeline可以以发表时间作为score来存储，这样获取时就是自动按时间排好序的。  比如:全班同学成绩的SortedSets，value可以是同学的学号，而score就可以是其考试得分，这样数据插入集合的，就已经进行了天然的排序。  另外还可以用Sorted Sets来做带权重的队列，比如普通消息的score为1，重要消息的score为2，然后工作线程可以选择按score的倒序来获取工作任务。让重要的任务优先执行。  #"有序Set操作" client.AddItemToSortedSet("SA", "B", 2); client.AddItemToSortedSet("SA", "C", 1); client.AddItemToSortedSet("SA", "D", 5); client.AddItemToSortedSet("SA", "E", 3); client.AddItemToSortedSet("SA", "F", 4); //有序集合降序排列 Console.WriteLine("\n有序集合降序排列"); client.GetAllItemsFromSortedSetDesc("SA").ForEach(e => Console.Write(e + ",")); Console.WriteLine("\n有序集合升序序排列"); client.GetAllItemsFromSortedSet("SA").ForEach(e => Console.Write(e + ",")); client.AddItemToSortedSet("SB", "C", 2); client.AddItemToSortedSet("SB", "F", 1); client.AddItemToSortedSet("SB", "D", 3); Console.WriteLine("\n获得某个值在有序集合中的排名，按分数的升序排列"); Console.WriteLine(client.GetItemIndexInSortedSet("SB", "D")); Console.WriteLine("\n获得有序集合中某个值得分数"); Console.WriteLine(client.GetItemScoreInSortedSet("SB", "D")); Console.WriteLine("\n获得有序集合中，某个排名范围的所有值"); client.GetRangeFromSortedSet("SA", 0, 3).ForEach(e => Console.Write(e + ","));

二、封装扩展

1.最后提供一份别人写好的Redis操作的帮助类，用到了PooledRedisClientManager连接池来获取RedisClient，

同时用到了读写分离的概念，可以直接拿来使用。

using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using ServiceStack.Redis; namespace Com.Redis{ public class RedisBase{ private static string[] ReadWriteHosts = System.Configuration.ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings["readWriteHosts"].Split(new char[] { ';' }); private static string[] ReadOnlyHosts = System.Configuration.ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings["readOnlyHosts"].Split(new char[] { ';' }); #region -- 连接信息 -- public static PooledRedisClientManager prcm = CreateManager(ReadWriteHosts, ReadOnlyHosts); private static PooledRedisClientManager CreateManager(string[] readWriteHosts, string[] readOnlyHosts){ // 支持读写分离，均衡负载 return new PooledRedisClientManager(readWriteHosts, readOnlyHosts, new RedisClientManagerConfig{ MaxWritePoolSize = 5, // “写”链接池链接数 MaxReadPoolSize = 5, // “读”链接池链接数 AutoStart = true, }); } #-- Item -- /// <summary> /// 设置单体 /// </summary> /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam> /// <param name="key"></param> /// <param name="t"></param> /// <param name="timeSpan"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static bool Item_Set<T>(string key, T t){ try{ using (IRedisClient redis = prcm.GetClient()){ return redis.Set<T>(key, t, new TimeSpan(1, 0, 0)); } }catch (Exception ex){ // LogInfo } return false; } /// <summary> /// 获取单体 /// </summary> /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam> /// <param name="key"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static T Item_Get<T>(string key) where T : class{ using (IRedisClient redis = prcm.GetClient()){ return redis.Get<T>(key); } } /// <summary> /// 移除单体 /// </summary> /// <param name="key"></param> public static bool Item_Remove(string key){ using (IRedisClient redis = prcm.GetClient()){ return redis.Remove(key); } } #-- List -- public static void List_Add<T>(string key, T t){ using (IRedisClient redis = prcm.GetClient()){ var redisTypedClient = redis.GetTypedClient<T>(); redisTypedClient.AddItemToList(redisTypedClient.Lists[key], t); } } public static bool List_Remove<T>(string key, T t){ using (IRedisClient redis = prcm.GetClient()){ var redisTypedClient = redis.GetTypedClient<T>(); return redisTypedClient.RemoveItemFromList(redisTypedClient.Lists[key], t) > 0; } } public static void List_RemoveAll<T>(string key){ using (IRedisClient redis = prcm.GetClient()){ var redisTypedClient = redis.GetTypedClient<T>(); redisTypedClient.Lists[key].RemoveAll(); } } public static int List_Count(string key){ using (IRedisClient redis = prcm.GetReadOnlyClient()){ return redis.GetListCount(key); } } public static List<T> List_GetRange<T>(string key, int start, int count){ using (IRedisClient redis = prcm.GetReadOnlyClient()){ var c = redis.GetTypedClient<T>(); return c.Lists[key].GetRange(start, start + count - 1); } } public static List<T> List_GetList<T>(string key){ using (IRedisClient redis = prcm.GetReadOnlyClient()){ var c = redis.GetTypedClient<T>(); return c.Lists[key].GetRange(0, c.Lists[key].Count); } } public static List<T> List_GetList<T>(string key, int pageIndex, int pageSize){ int start = pageSize * (pageIndex - 1); return List_GetRange<T>(key, start, pageSize); } /// <summary> /// 设置缓存过期 /// </summary> /// <param name="key"></param> /// <param name="datetime"></param> public static void List_SetExpire(string key, DateTime datetime){ using (IRedisClient redis = prcm.GetClient()){ redis.ExpireEntryAt(key, datetime); } } # -- Set -- public static void Set_Add<T>(string key, T t){ using (IRedisClient redis = prcm.GetClient()){ var redisTypedClient = redis.GetTypedClient<T>(); redisTypedClient.Sets[key].Add(t); } } public static bool Set_Contains<T>(string key, T t){ using (IRedisClient redis = prcm.GetClient()){ var redisTypedClient = redis.GetTypedClient<T>(); return redisTypedClient.Sets[key].Contains(t); } } public static bool Set_Remove<T>(string key, T t){ using (IRedisClient redis = prcm.GetClient()){ var redisTypedClient = redis.GetTypedClient<T>(); return redisTypedClient.Sets[key].Remove(t); } } # -- Hash -- /// <summary> /// 判断某个数据是否已经被缓存 /// </summary> /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam> /// <param name="key"></param> /// <param name="dataKey"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static bool Hash_Exist<T>(string key, string dataKey){ using (IRedisClient redis = prcm.GetReadOnlyClient()){ return redis.HashContainsEntry(key, dataKey); } } /// <summary> /// 存储数据到hash表 /// </summary> /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam> /// <param name="key"></param> /// <param name="dataKey"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static bool Hash_Set<T>(string key, string dataKey, T t){ using (IRedisClient redis = prcm.GetClient()){ string value = ServiceStack.Text.JsonSerializer.SerializeToString<T>(t); return redis.SetEntryInHash(key, dataKey, value); } } /// <summary> /// 移除hash中的某值 /// </summary> /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam> /// <param name="key"></param> /// <param name="dataKey"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static bool Hash_Remove(string key, string dataKey){ using (IRedisClient redis = prcm.GetClient()){ return redis.RemoveEntryFromHash(key, dataKey); } } /// <summary> /// 移除整个hash /// </summary> /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam> /// <param name="key"></param> /// <param name="dataKey"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static bool Hash_Remove(string key){ using (IRedisClient redis = prcm.GetClient()){ return redis.Remove(key); } } /// <summary> /// 从hash表获取数据 /// </summary> /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam> /// <param name="key"></param> /// <param name="dataKey"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static T Hash_Get<T>(string key, string dataKey){ using (IRedisClient redis = prcm.GetReadOnlyClient()){ string value = redis.GetValueFromHash(key, dataKey); return ServiceStack.Text.JsonSerializer.DeserializeFromString<T>(value); } } /// <summary> /// 获取整个hash的数据 /// </summary> /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam> /// <param name="key"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static List<T> Hash_GetAll<T>(string key){ using (IRedisClient redis = prcm.GetReadOnlyClient()){ var list = redis.GetHashValues(key); if (list != null && list.Count > 0){ List<T> result = new List<T>(); foreach (var item in list){ var value = ServiceStack.Text.JsonSerializer.DeserializeFromString<T>(item); result.Add(value); } return result; } return null; } } /// <summary> /// 设置缓存过期 /// </summary> /// <param name="key"></param> /// <param name="datetime"></param> public static void Hash_SetExpire(string key, DateTime datetime){ using (IRedisClient redis = prcm.GetClient()){ redis.ExpireEntryAt(key, datetime); } } #-- SortedSet -- /// <summary> /// 添加数据到 SortedSet /// </summary> /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam> /// <param name="key"></param> /// <param name="t"></param> /// <param name="score"></param> public static bool SortedSet_Add<T>(string key, T t, double score){ using (IRedisClient redis = prcm.GetClient()){ string value = ServiceStack.Text.JsonSerializer.SerializeToString<T>(t); return redis.AddItemToSortedSet(key, value, score); } } /// <summary> /// 移除数据从SortedSet /// </summary> /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam> /// <param name="key"></param> /// <param name="t"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static bool SortedSet_Remove<T>(string key, T t){ using (IRedisClient redis = prcm.GetClient()){ string value = ServiceStack.Text.JsonSerializer.SerializeToString<T>(t); return redis.RemoveItemFromSortedSet(key, value); } } /// <summary> /// 修剪SortedSet /// </summary> /// <param name="key"></param> /// <param name="size">保留的条数</param> /// <returns></returns> public static int SortedSet_Trim(string key, int size){ using (IRedisClient redis = prcm.GetClient()){ return redis.RemoveRangeFromSortedSet(key, size, 9999999); } } /// <summary> /// 获取SortedSet的长度 /// </summary> /// <param name="key"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static int SortedSet_Count(string key){ using (IRedisClient redis = prcm.GetReadOnlyClient()){ return redis.GetSortedSetCount(key); } } /// <summary> /// 获取SortedSet的分页数据 /// </summary> /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam> /// <param name="key"></param> /// <param name="pageIndex"></param> /// <param name="pageSize"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static List<T> SortedSet_GetList<T>(string key, int pageIndex, int pageSize){ using (IRedisClient redis = prcm.GetReadOnlyClient()){ var list = redis.GetRangeFromSortedSet(key, (pageIndex - 1) * pageSize, pageIndex * pageSize - 1); if (list != null && list.Count > 0){ List<T> result = new List<T>(); foreach (var item in list){ var data = ServiceStack.Text.JsonSerializer.DeserializeFromString<T>(item); result.Add(data); } return result; } } return null; } /// <summary> /// 获取SortedSet的全部数据 /// </summary> /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam> /// <param name="key"></param> /// <param name="pageIndex"></param> /// <param name="pageSize"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static List<T> SortedSet_GetListALL<T>(string key){ using (IRedisClient redis = prcm.GetReadOnlyClient()){ var list = redis.GetRangeFromSortedSet(key, 0, 9999999); if (list != null && list.Count > 0){ List<T> result = new List<T>(); foreach (var item in list){ var data = ServiceStack.Text.JsonSerializer.DeserializeFromString<T>(item); result.Add(data); } return result; } } return null; } /// <summary> /// 设置缓存过期 /// </summary> /// <param name="key"></param> /// <param name="datetime"></param> public static void SortedSet_SetExpire(string key, DateTime datetime){ using (IRedisClient redis = prcm.GetClient()){ redis.ExpireEntryAt(key, datetime); } } } } 2.使用很简单，几行代码

//会往主服务里面写入 RedisBase.Hash_Set<string>("PooledRedisClientManager", "one", "123"); //从服务里面读取信息 RedisBase.Hash_Get<string>("PooledRedisClientManager", "one"); 3.连接池的初始化 private static string[] ReadWriteHosts = System.Configuration.ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings["readWriteHosts"].Split(new char[] { ';' }); private static string[] ReadOnlyHosts = System.Configuration.ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings["readOnlyHosts"].Split(new char[] { ';' }); # -- 连接信息 -- public static PooledRedisClientManager prcm = CreateManager(ReadWriteHosts, ReadOnlyHosts); private static PooledRedisClientManager CreateManager(string[] readWriteHosts, string[] readOnlyHosts){ // 支持读写分离，均衡负载 return new PooledRedisClientManager(readWriteHosts, readOnlyHosts, new RedisClientManagerConfig{ MaxWritePoolSize = 5, // “写”链接池链接数 MaxReadPoolSize = 5, // “读”链接池链接数 AutoStart = true, }); } 4.配置文件