原文地址:https://css-tricks.com/couple-takes-sticky-footer/
译文地址:http://caibaojian.com/css-5-ways-sticky-footer.html
译者:前端开发博客-Jack
转载请务必注明以上信息。
本文主要介绍一个Footer元素如何粘住底部,使其无论内容多或者少,Footer元素始终紧靠在浏览器的底部。我们知道,当内容足够多可以撑开底部到达浏览器的底部,如果内容不够多,不足以撑开元素到达浏览器的底部时,下面要讲的布局就是解决如何使元素粘住浏览器底部。需求看下图:
有一个全局的元素包含除了底部之外的所有内容。它有一个负值下边距等于底部的高度,就像这个演示链接。
html代码
<body> <div class="wrapper"> content <div class="push"></div> </div> <footer class="footer"></footer> </body>CSS代码:
//code from http://caibaojian.com/css-5-ways-sticky-footer.html html, body { height: 100%; margin: 0; } .wrapper { min-height: 100%; /* Equal to height of footer */ /* But also accounting for potential margin-bottom of last child */ margin-bottom: -50px; } .footer, .push { height: 50px; }演示:
id="cp_embed_VjZmGj" src="http://codepen.io/chriscoyier/embed/VjZmGj?height=392&theme-id=1&slug-hash=VjZmGj&default-tab=result&user=chriscoyier&embed-version=2" scrolling="no" frameborder="0" height="392" allowtransparency="true" allowfullscreen="true" name="CodePen Embed" title="CodePen Embed" class="cp_embed_iframe " style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit;font-size:undefined; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1809.5px; overflow: hidden; background: 0px 0px;">这个代码需要一个额外的元素.push等于底部的高度,来防止内容覆盖到底部的元素。这个push元素是智能的,它并没有占用到底部的利用,而是通过全局加了一个负边距来填充。
虽然这个代码减少了一个.push的元素,但还是需要增加多一层的元素包裹内容,并给他一个内边距使其等于底部的高度,防止内容覆盖到底部的内容。
HTML代码:
<body> <div class="content"> <div class="content-inside"> content </div> </div> <footer class="footer"></footer> </body>CSS:
html, body { height: 100%; margin: 0; } .content { min-height: 100%; } .content-inside { padding: 20px; padding-bottom: 50px; } .footer { height: 50px; margin-top: -50px; }演示:
id="cp_embed_aZoBMb" src="http://codepen.io/chriscoyier/embed/aZoBMb?height=300&theme-id=1&slug-hash=aZoBMb&default-tab=result&user=chriscoyier&embed-version=2" scrolling="no" frameborder="0" height="300" allowtransparency="true" allowfullscreen="true" name="CodePen Embed" title="CodePen Embed" class="cp_embed_iframe " style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit;font-size:undefined; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1809.5px; overflow: hidden; background: 0px 0px;">HTML
<body> <div class="content"> content </div> <footer class="footer"></footer> </body>CSS:
.content { min-height: calc(100vh - 70px); } .footer { height: 50px; }演示:
id="cp_embed_jqRXBz" src="http://codepen.io/chriscoyier/embed/jqRXBz?height=414&theme-id=1&slug-hash=jqRXBz&default-tab=result&user=chriscoyier&embed-version=2" scrolling="no" frameborder="0" height="414" allowtransparency="true" allowfullscreen="true" name="CodePen Embed" title="CodePen Embed" class="cp_embed_iframe " style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit;font-size:undefined; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1809.5px; overflow: hidden; background: 0px 0px;">给70px而不是50px是为了为了跟底部隔开20px,防止紧靠在一起。
关于flexbox的教程,还请查看之前的一篇详细的教程
HTML:
<body> <div class="content"> content </div> <footer class="footer"></footer> </body>CSS:
html { height: 100%; } body { min-height: 100%; display: flex; flex-direction: column; } .content { flex: 1; }演示:
id="cp_embed_RRbKrL" src="http://codepen.io/chriscoyier/embed/RRbKrL?height=488&theme-id=1&slug-hash=RRbKrL&default-tab=result&user=chriscoyier&embed-version=2" scrolling="no" frameborder="0" height="488" allowtransparency="true" allowfullscreen="true" name="CodePen Embed" title="CodePen Embed" class="cp_embed_iframe " style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit;font-size:undefined; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1809.5px; overflow: hidden; background: 0px 0px;">HTML:
<body> <div class="content"> content </div> <footer class="footer"></footer> </body>CSS:
html { height: 100%; } body { min-height: 100%; display: grid; grid-template-rows: 1fr auto; } .footer { grid-row-start: 2; grid-row-end: 3; }演示:
id="cp_embed_YWKNrE" src="http://codepen.io/chriscoyier/embed/YWKNrE?height=477&theme-id=1&slug-hash=YWKNrE&default-tab=result&user=chriscoyier&embed-version=2" scrolling="no" frameborder="0" height="477" allowtransparency="true" allowfullscreen="true" name="CodePen Embed" title="CodePen Embed" class="cp_embed_iframe " style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit;font-size:undefined; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1809.5px; overflow: hidden; background: 0px 0px;">grid早于flexbox出现,但并没有flexbox被广泛支持,你可能在chrome Canary或者Firefox开发版上才可以看见效果
译者注:本文并没有全部参照原文来翻译,更多是给出一个大体的思路,欢迎大家进入英文查看原链接。翻译得不好,还请见谅。