Maven搭建Spring+Struts2+Hibernate项目详解
前言
这篇主要采用Maven搭建Spring+Struts2+Hibernate的整合项目，复习一下SSH框架，虽然spring提供自己的MVC框架，但是Spring也提供和其他框架的无缝整合，采用组件形式对个框架进行管理，项目实例是按照真实企业里面的开发搭建，也是web的最后一片了。数据库使用mysql，连接池使用的是Druid数据源（这些都无关紧要，可以随时的替换），下面就将详细的介绍一下Maven搭建Spring，Struts2，和hibernation的步奏。
1创建maven的webapp项目，pom.xml配置中引入所需依赖包
引入所需的依赖包，pom.xml内容如下：
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>org.andy.ssh</groupId> <artifactId>spring_struts2_Hibernate_demo</artifactId> <packaging>war</packaging> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>spring_struts2_Hibernate_demo Maven Webapp</name> <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <spring.version>4.1.4.RELEASE</spring.version> <hibernate.version>4.3.8.Final</hibernate.version> <struts2.version>2.3.20</struts2.version> <jackson.version>2.5.0</jackson.version> </properties> <dependencies> <!-- junit --> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.12</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!-- spring --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <!-- 关系型数据库整合时需配置 如hibernate jpa等 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- hibernate --> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId> <version>${hibernate.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-ehcache</artifactId> <version>${hibernate.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- struts2 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId> <artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId> <version>${struts2.version}</version> <exclusions> <exclusion> <!-- Hibernate已经还有该包的依赖 --> <artifactId>javassist</artifactId> <groupId>javassist</groupId> </exclusion> </exclusions> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId> <artifactId>struts2-spring-plugin</artifactId> <version>${struts2.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId> <artifactId>struts2-convention-plugin</artifactId> <version>${struts2.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- struts2对json支持的插件jar --> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId> <artifactId>struts2-json-plugin</artifactId> <version>${struts2.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- log4j --> <dependency> <groupId>log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j</artifactId> <version>1.2.17</version> </dependency> <!-- mysql连接 --> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>5.1.34</version> </dependency> <!-- 数据源 druid --> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>druid</artifactId> <version>1.0.12</version> </dependency> <!-- json --> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId> <version>1.2.3</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId> <version>${jackson.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId> <version>${jackson.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId> <version>${jackson.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- aop --> <dependency> <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId> <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId> <version>1.8.4</version> </dependency> <!-- servlet --> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId> <version>3.0-alpha-1</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <finalName>spring_struts2_Hibernate_demo</finalName> <plugins> <!-- Run the JUnit unit tests in an isolated classloader --> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.4.2</version> <configuration> <skipTests>true</skipTests> </configuration> </plugin> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.3</version> <configuration> <webXml>src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/web.xml</webXml> </configuration> </plugin> <!-- generate java doc --> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-javadoc-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.9.1</version> <configuration> <javadocDirectory>target/javadoc</javadocDirectory> <reportOutputDirectory>target/javadoc</reportOutputDirectory> <charset>UTF-8</charset> <encoding>UTF-8</encoding> <docencoding>UTF-8</docencoding> <show>private</show> </configuration> </plugin> <!-- 部署至本机 --> <plugin> <groupId>org.codehaus.cargo</groupId> <artifactId>cargo-maven2-plugin</artifactId> <version>1.0</version> <configuration> <container> <containerId>tomcat6x</containerId> <home>F:\apache-tomcat-7.0.27</home> </container> <configuration> <type>existing</type> <home>F:\apache-tomcat-7.0.27</home> </configuration> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>以上就是ssh所需的所有依赖包。
2引入Spring
最优先引入的是Spring框架，他是管理其他框架的容器，spring中需要配置的是自动扫描的dao，和service层的注解，然后将其注入为bean，管理。
配置文件在src/main/java目录下，创建spring的配置文件spring.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd"> <!-- 加载配置文件 --> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:config.properties"/> <!-- 扫描service自动注入为bean --> <context:component-scan base-package="org.andy.shop.service.impl,org.andy.shop.dao.impl" /> </beans>2.1、引入日志Log4j配置
log4j.properties配置内容如下：
### set log levels ### log4j.rootLogger = INFO , C , D , E ### console ### log4j.appender.C = org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender log4j.appender.C.Target = System.out log4j.appender.C.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout log4j.appender.C.layout.ConversionPattern = [spring_struts2_Hibernate_demo][%p] [%-d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}] %C.%M(%L) | %m%n ### log file ### log4j.appender.D = org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender log4j.appender.D.File = ../logs/spring_struts2_Hibernate_demo.log log4j.appender.D.Append = true log4j.appender.D.Threshold = INFO log4j.appender.D.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout log4j.appender.D.layout.ConversionPattern = [spring_struts2_Hibernate_demo][%p] [%-d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}] %C.%M(%L) | %m%n ### exception ### log4j.appender.E = org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender log4j.appender.E.File = ../logs/spring_struts2_Hibernate_demo_error.log log4j.appender.E.Append = true log4j.appender.E.Threshold = ERROR log4j.appender.E.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout log4j.appender.E.layout.ConversionPattern = [spring_struts2_Hibernate_demo][%p] [%-d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}] %C.%M(%L) | %m%n2.2、项目配置文件
添加项目的配置文件config.properties，有spring管理
#application configs #jdbc druid config validationQuery = SELECT 1 jdbc.url = jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/shop?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8 jdbc.username = root jdbc.password = root #hibernate config hibernate.dialect = org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect hibernate.show_sql = true hibernate.format_sql = false hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto = update3、引入Hibernation
Hibernation的配置主要有如下内容：数据源，SessionFactory，事务等的配置。
spring-hibernate.xml配置如下（配置文件名可以随便起）
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.1.xsd"> <!-- 配置数据源 使用的是Druid数据源 --> <bean name="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource" init-method="init" destroy-method="close"> <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" /> <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" /> <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" /> <!-- 初始化连接大小 --> <property name="initialSize" value="0" /> <!-- 连接池最大使用连接数量 --> <property name="maxActive" value="20" /> <!-- 连接池最小空闲 --> <property name="minIdle" value="0" /> <!-- 获取连接最大等待时间 --> <property name="maxWait" value="60000" /> <property name="poolPreparedStatements" value="true" /> <property name="maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize" value="33" /> <!-- 用来检测有效sql --> <property name="validationQuery" value="${validationQuery}" /> <property name="testOnBorrow" value="false" /> <property name="testOnReturn" value="false" /> <property name="testWhileIdle" value="true" /> <!-- 配置间隔多久才进行一次检测，检测需要关闭的空闲连接，单位是毫秒 --> <property name="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis" value="60000" /> <!-- 配置一个连接在池中最小生存的时间，单位是毫秒 --> <property name="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis" value="25200000" /> <!-- 打开removeAbandoned功能 --> <property name="removeAbandoned" value="true" /> <!-- 1800秒，也就是30分钟 --> <property name="removeAbandonedTimeout" value="1800" /> <!-- 关闭abanded连接时输出错误日志 --> <property name="logAbandoned" value="true" /> <!-- 监控数据库 --> <property name="filters" value="mergeStat" /> </bean> <!-- 配置hibernate的SessionFactory --> <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> <!-- 注入数据源 相关信息看源码 --> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> <!-- hibernate配置信息 --> <property name="hibernateProperties"> <props> <prop key="hibernate.dialect">${hibernate.dialect}</prop> <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">${hibernate.show_sql}</prop> <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">${hibernate.format_sql}</prop> <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">${hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto}</prop> </props> </property> <!-- 扫描hibernate注解配置的entity --> <property name="packagesToScan" value="org.andy.shop.entity" /> </bean> <!-- 配置事务管理器 --> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager"> <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /> </bean> <!-- 配置事务增强处理Bean，指定事务管理器 --> <tx:advice id="transactionAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager"> <!-- 配置详细事务处理语义 --> <tx:attributes> <tx:method name="insert*" propagation="REQUIRED" /> <tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED" /> <tx:method name="delete*" propagation="REQUIRED" /> <tx:method name="get*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true" /> <tx:method name="find*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true" /> <tx:method name="select*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true" /> <tx:method name="load*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true" /> <!-- 其他采用默认事务方式 --> <tx:method name="*" /> </tx:attributes> </tx:advice> <!-- Spring aop事务管理 --> <aop:config> <!-- 配置切入点 --> <aop:pointcut id="transactionPointcut" expression="execution(* org.andy.shop.service.impl.*Impl.*(..))" /> <!-- 指定在txAdvice切入点应用txAdvice事务增强处理 --> <aop:advisor pointcut-ref="transactionPointcut" advice-ref="transactionAdvice" /> </aop:config> </beans>注意：Hibernation4使用的是SessionFactory而不是HibernationTemplate
9、引入Struts2
配置Struts框架的配置文件，Struts2不同于前面的框架，其配置文件名必须为struts.xml，内容如下：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd"> <struts> <!-- 指定由spring负责action对象的创建 --> <constant name="struts.objectFactory" value="spring" /> <!-- 所有匹配*.action的请求都由struts2处理 --> <constant name="struts.action.extension" value="action" /> <!-- 是否启用开发模式 --> <constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" /> <!-- struts配置文件改动后，是否重新加载 --> <constant name="struts.configuration.xml.reload" value="true" /> <!-- 设置浏览器是否缓存静态内容 --> <constant name="struts.serve.static.browserCache" value="false" /> <!-- 请求参数的编码方式 --> <constant name="struts.i18n.encoding" value="utf-8" /> <!-- 每次HTTP请求系统都重新加载资源文件，有助于开发 --> <constant name="struts.i18n.reload" value="true" /> <!-- 文件上传最大值 --> <constant name="struts.multipart.maxSize" value="104857600" /> <!-- 让struts2支持动态方法调用 --> <constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="true" /> <!-- Action名称中是否还是用斜线 --> <constant name="struts.enable.SlashesInActionNames" value="false" /> <!-- 允许标签中使用表达式语法 --> <constant name="struts.tag.altSyntax" value="true" /> <!-- 对于WebLogic,Orion,OC4J此属性应该设置成true --> <constant name="struts.dispatcher.parametersWorkaround" value="false" /> <!-- 用于CRUD Action的parent package --> <!-- <package name="crud-default" extends="convention-default"> 基于paramsPrepareParamsStack, 增加store interceptor保证actionMessage在redirect后不会丢失 <interceptors> <interceptor-stack name="crudStack"> <interceptor-ref name="store"> <param name="operationMode">AUTOMATIC</param> </interceptor-ref> <interceptor-ref name="paramsPrepareParamsStack" /> </interceptor-stack> </interceptors> <default-interceptor-ref name="crudStack" /> </package> --> <!-- 使用Convention插件,实现约定大于配置的零配置文件风格. 特殊的Result路径在Action类中使用@Result设定. --> <include file="struts/struts_disk.xml" /> </struts>上面配置的比较详细，可以按照实际项目，做一下筛检。
其中struts/struts_disk.xml是对具体的action类的配置，当然也可以使用Convention使用注解来实现action的配置，这里使用xml配置如下：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd"> <struts> <package name="disk" extends="json-default"> <action name="disk_powerOn" class="com.supre.manage.action.DiskAction" method="powerOn"> <result type="json"></result> </action> <action name="disk_test" class="com.supre.manage.action.DiskAction" method="test"> <result >/success.jsp</result> </action> </package> </struts>对应的action类中如下：
package com.supre.manage.action; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Scope; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport; import com.supre.manage.entity.Disk; import com.supre.manage.entity.Drive; import com.supre.manage.service.DiskService; import com.supre.manage.service.DriveService; @Controller(value="diskAction") @Scope("prototype") public class DiskAction extends ActionSupport { private String state; private Disk disk; private DriveService driveServic; private DiskService diskService; private List<Disk> disks; private List<Drive> drives; public String test(){ System.out.println(state); System.out.println(disk.getDiskName()); System.out.println(disks.size()); return SUCCESS; } public String powerOn() { System.out.println("-----"); Map<String , Drive> oldList = driveServic.listLocalDrive(); String cmd = diskService.spliceCmd("0",disk); System.out.println(cmd); //SerialRxtxUtil.displayCustomerScreen(null,DataUtil.hexStringToBytes(cmd)); Map<String, Object> map; try { map = driveServic.listChangeDrives(oldList); drives = (List<Drive>) map.get("data"); state = (String) map.get("state"); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return SUCCESS; } public Disk getDisk() { return disk; } public void setDisk(Disk disk) { this.disk = disk; } public void setDiskService(DiskService diskService) { this.diskService = diskService; } public List<Disk> getDisks() { return disks; } public void setDisks(List<Disk> disks) { this.disks = disks; } public List<Drive> getDrives() { return drives; } public void setDrives(List<Drive> drives) { this.drives = drives; } public void setDriveServic(DriveService driveServic) { this.driveServic = driveServic; } public String getState() { return state; } public void setState(String state) { this.state = state; } }其中相关的自定义的类为笔者项目中使用到的类，这里主要用于记录格式，测试者可以将该类的中内容移除，用自己项目中的service类
10、配置web容器web.xml
web.xml是web项目的核心，里面配置了容器启动是的加载文件，以及监听器，过滤器等内容，所以需要我们配置对个框架的启动，加载。其内容如下：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5"> <display-name>manage</display-name> <!-- spring 和 Hibernate的配置文件 --> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value> classpath:spring.xml classpath:hibernate-spring.xml </param-value> </context-param> <!-- 编码设置 --> <filter> <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>utf-8</param-value> </init-param> <init-param> <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name> <param-value>true</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <!-- 监听servletContext，启动contextConfigLocation中的spring配置信息 --> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <!-- openSessionInView配置 作用是延迟session关闭到view层 --> <filter> <filter-name>openSessionInViewFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>singleSession</param-name> <param-value>true</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>openSessionInViewFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <!-- 监听servletContext，启动contextConfigLocation中的spring配置信息 --> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <!-- Struts2 filter --> <filter> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <!-- 配置session超时时间，单位分钟 --> <session-config> <session-timeout>30</session-timeout> </session-config> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>/index.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> </web-app>11 前端jsp代码如下：
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"> <title>Insert title here</title> </head> <body> <form action="disk_test.action" method="post"> <input type="text" name="state" value="testpath"/> 名称：<input type="text" name="disk.diskName"/> List：<input type="text" name="disks[0].diskName" /> <input type="submit" value="提交" /> </form> </body> </html>转载地址：http://www.bubuko.com/infodetail-648898.html
