Android应用生死轮回的那些事儿(4) - 武器库（2）-应用组件查询相关API

Android应用生死轮回的那些事儿(4) - 武器库（2）-应用组件查询相关API

这一节我们将学习：

如何查询系统中安装了哪些应用如何获取一个包的信息如何获取一个Application的信息如何获取系统中安装的所有的ContentProvider的信息如何获取一个uid中运行的所有的包如何查询一个uid的进程名如何通过一个广播Intent查询接受这个广播所有的BroadcastReceiver得到一个Intent，如何寻找执行它的最佳的Activity,Service或ContentProvider

首先我们先看一下应用组件查询相关API的分类：

我们先看其中第一类，静态get类的API

应用组件集合查询API

集合查询类API的特点是一次性可以查到符合条件的应用组件，如包或者应用程序的完整列表。

getInstalledApplications

作用： 获取当前系统上安装的所有的应用程序。

原型：

List<ApplicationInfo> getInstalledApplications (int flags);

参数还是那几个，上一节已经讲过了。 * GET_META_DATA: * GET_SHARED_LIBRARY_FILES * MATCH_SYSTEM_ONLY * MATCH_UNINSTALLED_PACKAGES

例程：

public void testGetInstalledApplications() { List<ApplicationInfo> installedApplications = mPm.getInstalledApplications(PackageManager.GET_META_DATA | PackageManager.GET_SHARED_LIBRARY_FILES); if(installedApplications != null){ for(ApplicationInfo ai : installedApplications){ Log.d(TAG,"ApplicationInfo:"+ai.toString()); Log.d(TAG,"Application class name is:"+ai.className); Log.d(TAG,"Application process name is:"+ai.processName); } } }

输出结果例 下面是DocumentsApplication和微信两个应用的结果：

... 08-12 14:06:20.961 724-724/? D/TestPackageManager: ApplicationInfo:ApplicationInfo{4011cb6 com.android.documentsui} 08-12 14:06:20.961 724-724/? D/TestPackageManager: Application class name is:com.android.documentsui.DocumentsApplication 08-12 14:06:20.961 724-724/? D/TestPackageManager: Application process name is:com.android.documentsui 08-12 14:06:20.964 724-724/? D/TestPackageManager: ApplicationInfo:ApplicationInfo{30211f9 com.tencent.mm} 08-12 14:06:20.964 724-724/? D/TestPackageManager: Application class name is:com.tencent.mm.app.Application 08-12 14:06:20.964 724-724/? D/TestPackageManager: Application process name is:com.tencent.mm ...

应用组件单个数据结构查询

getApplicationInfo

作用：根据包名，获取相关的ApplicationInfo

原型：

ApplicationInfo getApplicationInfo (String packageName,int flags);

参数：flags * GET_META_DATA * GET_SHARED_LIBRARY_FILES

例程：

public void testGetApplicationInfo() { try { ApplicationInfo ai = mPm.getApplicationInfo("com.android.htmlviewer", PackageManager.GET_META_DATA | PackageManager.GET_SHARED_LIBRARY_FILES); Log.d(TAG,"ProcessName is:"+ai.processName); Log.d(TAG,"Description is:"+ai.loadDescription(mPm)); Log.d(TAG, "Share Libraries in:" + ai.nativeLibraryDir); } catch (PackageManager.NameNotFoundException e) { Log.e(TAG, "testGetApplicationInfo error", e); } }

输出：

08-12 14:49:51.632 1497-1497/? D/TestPackageManager: ProcessName is:com.android.htmlviewer 08-12 14:49:51.633 1497-1497/? D/TestPackageManager: Description is:null 08-12 14:49:51.633 1497-1497/? D/TestPackageManager: Share Libraries in:/system/app/HTMLViewer/lib/arm64

getInstalledPackages

作用：获取当前系统中安装的所有包

原型：

List<PackageInfo> getInstalledPackages (int flags)

参数： * flags:指定需要提供的字段

取值如下,望文知义，就不多解释了： * PackageManager.GET_ACTIVITIES * PackageManager.GET_CONFIGURATIONS * PackageManager.GET_GIDS * PackageManager.GET_INSTRUMENTATION * PackageManager.GET_INTENT_FILTERS * PackageManager.GET_META_DATA * PackageManager.GET_PERMISSIONS * PackageManager.GET_PROVIDERS * PackageManager.GET_RECEIVERS * PackageManager.GET_SERVICES * PackageManager.GET_SHARED_LIBRARY_FILES * PackageManager.GET_SIGNATURES * PackageManager.GET_URI_PERMISSION_PATTERN

例程：

public void testGetInstalledPackages() { List<PackageInfo> piList = mPm.getInstalledPackages(PackageManager.GET_ACTIVITIES | PackageManager.GET_CONFIGURATIONS | PackageManager.GET_GIDS | PackageManager.GET_INSTRUMENTATION | PackageManager.GET_INTENT_FILTERS | PackageManager.GET_META_DATA | PackageManager.GET_PERMISSIONS | PackageManager.GET_PROVIDERS | PackageManager.GET_RECEIVERS | PackageManager.GET_SERVICES | PackageManager.GET_SHARED_LIBRARY_FILES | PackageManager.GET_SIGNATURES | PackageManager.GET_URI_PERMISSION_PATTERNS); if (piList != null) { for(PackageInfo pi : piList){ Log.d(TAG,"PackageInfo:"+pi.toString()); Log.d(TAG,"Package Name is:"+pi.packageName); Log.d(TAG,"Package shared user id is:"+pi.sharedUserId); } } }

部分输出结果：

08-12 14:27:25.228 1244-1244/? D/TestPackageManager: PackageInfo:PackageInfo{9bc4a05 com.mediatek.gba} 08-12 14:27:25.228 1244-1244/? D/TestPackageManager: Package Name is:com.mediatek.gba 08-12 14:27:25.228 1244-1244/? D/TestPackageManager: Package shared user id is:android.uid.phone 08-12 14:27:25.228 1244-1244/? D/TestPackageManager: PackageInfo:PackageInfo{8973a5a com.mediatek.ims} 08-12 14:27:25.228 1244-1244/? D/TestPackageManager: Package Name is:com.mediatek.ims 08-12 14:27:25.228 1244-1244/? D/TestPackageManager: Package shared user id is:android.uid.phone 08-12 14:27:25.228 1244-1244/? D/TestPackageManager: PackageInfo:PackageInfo{7c7748b com.mediatek.ppl} 08-12 14:27:25.228 1244-1244/? D/TestPackageManager: Package Name is:com.mediatek.ppl 08-12 14:27:25.228 1244-1244/? D/TestPackageManager: Package shared user id is:android.uid.system

getPackageInfo

功能：根据包名获取一个包的信息

原型：

PackageInfo getPackageInfo (String packageName, int flags);

参数： * 包名 * flgas：跟getInstalledPackages中一样

例程：

public void testGetPackageInfo() { try { PackageInfo pi = mPm.getPackageInfo("com.android.externalstorage", PackageManager.GET_ACTIVITIES | PackageManager.GET_CONFIGURATIONS | PackageManager.GET_GIDS | PackageManager.GET_INSTRUMENTATION | PackageManager.GET_INTENT_FILTERS | PackageManager.GET_META_DATA | PackageManager.GET_PERMISSIONS | PackageManager.GET_PROVIDERS | PackageManager.GET_RECEIVERS | PackageManager.GET_SERVICES | PackageManager.GET_SHARED_LIBRARY_FILES | PackageManager.GET_SIGNATURES | PackageManager.GET_URI_PERMISSION_PATTERNS); Log.d(TAG, "PackageInfo:" + pi.toString()); Log.d(TAG, "Package Name is:" + pi.packageName); Log.d(TAG, "Package shared user id is:" + pi.sharedUserId); Log.d(TAG, "Version name:" + pi.versionName); } catch (PackageManager.NameNotFoundException e) { Log.e(TAG, "testGetPackageInfo error", e); } }

输出：

08-12 15:07:18.457 2044-2044/? D/TestPackageManager: PackageInfo:PackageInfo{cda5ddc com.android.externalstorage} 08-12 15:07:18.457 2044-2044/? D/TestPackageManager: Package Name is:com.android.externalstorage 08-12 15:07:18.457 2044-2044/? D/TestPackageManager: Package shared user id is:null 08-12 15:07:18.457 2044-2044/? D/TestPackageManager: Version name:6.0-1468998115

getPackageArchiveInfo

功能：从包文件中读取PackageInfo

参数： * 文件名 * flags：与上面的一样

上个函数是读已安装的活着的，这个是去读文件中的。

getActivityInfo

根据Activity的名称来获取ActivityInfo

原型：

ActivityInfo getActivityInfo (ComponentName component, int flags)

ComponentName是个什么类呢？其实就是包名和类名的组合：

ComponentName(String pkg, String cls); //Create a new component identifier.

特别要注意，类名是要全路径名，不然会找不到的！

例程：

public void testGetActivityInfo(){ try { final ActivityInfo ai = mPm.getActivityInfo(new ComponentName("com.android.htmlviewer","com.android.htmlviewer.HTMLViewerActivity"), PackageManager.GET_META_DATA | PackageManager.MATCH_ALL); Log.d(TAG,"ActivityInfo:"+ai.toString()); Log.d(TAG,"ActivityInfo,parentActivityName is:"+ai.parentActivityName); } catch (PackageManager.NameNotFoundException e) { Log.e(TAG,"testGetActivityInfo error",e); } }

输出：

08-15 11:27:57.534 18124-18124/? D/TestPackageManager: ActivityInfo:ActivityInfo{5bb2ee5 com.android.htmlviewer.HTMLViewerActivity} 08-15 11:27:57.534 18124-18124/? D/TestPackageManager: ActivityInfo,parentActivityName is:null

那么，如何可以获取当前系统中都有哪些Activity呢？这可以通过获取系统中安装的所有的包后，遍历其ActivityInfo数组得到：

public void testGetInstalledPackages() { List<PackageInfo> piList = mPm.getInstalledPackages(PackageManager.GET_ACTIVITIES | PackageManager.GET_CONFIGURATIONS | PackageManager.GET_GIDS | PackageManager.GET_INSTRUMENTATION | PackageManager.GET_INTENT_FILTERS | PackageManager.GET_META_DATA | PackageManager.GET_PERMISSIONS | PackageManager.GET_PROVIDERS | PackageManager.GET_RECEIVERS | PackageManager.GET_SERVICES | PackageManager.GET_SHARED_LIBRARY_FILES | PackageManager.GET_SIGNATURES | PackageManager.GET_URI_PERMISSION_PATTERNS); if (piList != null) { for (PackageInfo pi : piList) { Log.d(TAG, "PackageInfo:" + pi.toString()); Log.d(TAG, "Package Name is:" + pi.packageName); Log.d(TAG, "Package shared user id is:" + pi.sharedUserId); final ActivityInfo[] ais = pi.activities; if (ais != null) { for (ActivityInfo ai : ais) { Log.d(TAG, "Activity in package:{" + pi.packageName + "}:" + ai.name); } } final InstrumentationInfo[] iis = pi.instrumentation; if (iis != null) { for (InstrumentationInfo is : iis) { Log.d(TAG, "Instrumentation info" + is.toString()); } } final ProviderInfo[] pis = pi.providers; if (pis != null) { for (ProviderInfo pri : pis) { Log.d(TAG, "Provider info:" + pri); } } } } }

getInstrumenationInfo

根据名字获取Instrumentation信息，这个信息在AndroidManifest.xml中的中定义

原型：

InstrumentationInfo getInstrumentationInfo (ComponentName className, int flags);

getServiceInfo

通过ComponentName获取ServiceInfo.

原型：

ServiceInfo getServiceInfo (ComponentName component, int flags);

getReceiverInfo

根据ComponentName获取ReceiverInfo

原型：

ActivityInfo getReceiverInfo (ComponentName component, int flags);

有同学问了，既然可以查询ActivityInfo，ServiceInfo，ReceiverInfo，四大组件中都有三个了，那么为什么没有查询ProviderInfo的呢？ getProviderInfo这个API直到Android 2.3时才有

Android 2.3新增API - getProviderInfo

原型：

ProviderInfo getProviderInfo (ComponentName component, int flags);

Uid/Gid相关查询API

getPackageGids

功能：读取和包名相关的Group id

参数：包名

例程：

public void testGetPackageGids(){ try { int[] gids = mPm.getPackageGids("com.android.externalstorage"); if(gids!=null){ for(int gid:gids){ Log.d(TAG,"gid:"+gid); } } } catch (PackageManager.NameNotFoundException e) { Log.e(TAG,"testGetPackageGids error",e); } }

输出：

08-12 15:30:36.783 2329-2329/? D/TestPackageManager: gid:1023 08-12 15:30:36.783 2329-2329/? D/TestPackageManager: gid:1015

getPackagesForUid

参数：uid

例程，我们查查uid是1000的都是些什么包？

public void testGetPackagesForUid(){ String[] packagesForUid = mPm.getPackagesForUid(1000); if(packagesForUid!=null){ for(String package1 : packagesForUid){ Log.d(TAG, "Package name in 1000:"+package1); } } }

输出如下，原来用了uid 1000的有这么多包！

08-12 16:42:38.730 4736-4736/? D/TestPackageManager: Package name in 1000:com.mediatek 08-12 16:42:38.730 4736-4736/? D/TestPackageManager: Package name in 1000:com.mediatek.thermalmanager 08-12 16:42:38.730 4736-4736/? D/TestPackageManager: Package name in 1000:com.mediatek.batterywarning 08-12 16:42:38.730 4736-4736/? D/TestPackageManager: Package name in 1000:com.mediatek.connectivity 08-12 16:42:38.730 4736-4736/? D/TestPackageManager: Package name in 1000:com.android.server.telecom 08-12 16:42:38.730 4736-4736/? D/TestPackageManager: Package name in 1000:com.android.inputdevices 08-12 16:42:38.730 4736-4736/? D/TestPackageManager: Package name in 1000:com.android.settings 08-12 16:42:38.730 4736-4736/? D/TestPackageManager: Package name in 1000:android 08-12 16:42:38.730 4736-4736/? D/TestPackageManager: Package name in 1000:com.mediatek.atci.service 08-12 16:42:38.730 4736-4736/? D/TestPackageManager: Package name in 1000:com.android.providers.settings 08-12 16:42:38.730 4736-4736/? D/TestPackageManager: Package name in 1000:com.android.vpndialogs 08-12 16:42:38.730 4736-4736/? D/TestPackageManager: Package name in 1000:com.mediatek.ppl 08-12 16:42:38.730 4736-4736/? D/TestPackageManager: Package name in 1000:com.android.location.fused 08-12 16:42:38.730 4736-4736/? D/TestPackageManager: Package name in 1000:com.mediatek.nlpservice 08-12 16:42:38.730 4736-4736/? D/TestPackageManager: Package name in 1000:com.mediatek.schpwronoff 08-12 16:42:38.730 4736-4736/? D/TestPackageManager: Package name in 1000:com.android.keychain

getNameForUid

功能：查询一个uid对应的名字

原型：

String getNameForUid (int uid);

参数：uid

例程：

public void testGetNameForUid(){ String name = mPm.getNameForUid(1000); Log.d(TAG,"Name for uid 1000 is:"+name); }

输出

08-13 16:55:05.207 8899-8899/? D/TestPackageManager: Name for uid 1000 is:android.uid.system:1000

既然可以通过uid查询有哪些包，那么我们可不可以通过一个包名去获取uid呢？ 这个API:getPackageUid，在Android 7.0才会加到系统中。

上面都是静态的get API，后面将是query和resolve API依次出场。我们先看动态查询的query系的API:

根据包名动态查询的API

queryContentProviders

功能：查询系统中运行的ContentProvider

原型：

List<ProviderInfo> queryContentProviders (String processName,int uid,int flags)

参数： * 进程名：如果希望列出所有的，就为空 * uid:如果进程名不为空，需要指定uid * 标志位：match的属性

例程：

public void testQueryContentProviders() { List<ProviderInfo> pis = mPm.queryContentProviders(null, 0, PackageManager.MATCH_ALL); if (pis != null) { for (ProviderInfo pri : pis) { Log.d(TAG, "Provider info:" + pri); } } }

输出的前几项，完整的列表很长：

08-15 11:41:39.758 18259-18259/? D/TestPackageManager: Provider info:ContentProviderInfo{name=settings className=com.android.providers.settings.SettingsProvider} 08-15 11:41:39.758 18259-18259/? D/TestPackageManager: Provider info:ContentProviderInfo{name=com.tencent.mm.plugin.ext.NearBy className=com.tencent.mm.plugin.ext.provider.ExtControlProviderNearBy} 08-15 11:41:39.758 18259-18259/? D/TestPackageManager: Provider info:ContentProviderInfo{name=mwimsg className=com.android.providers.telephony.MwiProvider} ...

queryInstrumentation

功能：根据包名查询Instrumentation

原型：

List<InstrumentationInfo> queryInstrumentation (String targetPackage,int flags);

参数： * 包名：如果是所有的包，则给null * 标志：只支持GET_META_DATA这一个。

例程：

public void testQueryInstrumentation(){ List<InstrumentationInfo> list = mPm.queryInstrumentation(null,PackageManager.GET_META_DATA); if(list!=null){ for(InstrumentationInfo ii : list){ Log.d(TAG,"Instrumentation info:"+ii.toString()); } } }

根据Intent查询相关组件的API

queryBroadcastReceivers

功能：根据Intent查询可以处理这个Intent的所有BroadcastReceivers

原型：

List<ResolveInfo> queryBroadcastReceivers (Intent intent,int flags);

queryIntentActivities

功能：查询可以处理这个Intent的所有Activity

原型：

List<ResolveInfo> queryIntentActivities (Intent intent,int flags);

参数： * Intent * 参数：MATCH_ALL等

queryIntentActivityOptions

功能：跟queryIntentActivities基本一样，支持更多的查询条件。

原型：

List<ResolveInfo> queryIntentActivityOptions (ComponentName caller, Intent[] specifics, Intent intent,int flags);

queryIntentServices

功能：查询可以处理这个Intent的所有Service

原型：

List<ResolveInfo> queryIntentServices (Intent intent,int flags);

大家都知道，Android有四大组件：Activity, Service, BroadcastReceiver和ContentProvider。前面三个组件都可以通过Intent查询了，为什么没有queryIntentContentProviders呢？ queryIntentContentProviders直到Android 4.4才增加进来。

Android 4.4新增API: queryIntentContentProviders

功能：查询可以处理这个Intent的所有ContentProvider们。

原型：

List<ResolveInfo> queryIntentContentProviders (Intent intent, int flags);

根据Intent查询最佳应用组件API

resolveActivity

功能：查找最适合些Intent的Activity

原型：

ResolveInfo resolveActivity (Intent intent, int flags);

resolveContentProvider

功能：查找最适合些Intent的ContentProvider

原型：

ResolveInfo resolveContentProvider (Intent intent, int flags);

resolveService

功能：查找最适合些Intent的服务

原型：

ResolveInfo resolveService (Intent intent, int flags);

上面3个API都是拿到了Intent再去判断它最适合的应用组件。那么，我们想要做逆运算，知道一个包了，如何去得到启动它的Intent呢？ 这个API直到Android 1.5(API 3)时才加入系统中：getLaunchIntentForPackage

Android 1.5新增API - getLaunchIntentForPackage

原型：

Intent getLaunchIntentForPackage (String packageName);

例程：我们想获取微信的启动Intent:

public void testGetLaunchIntentForPackage() { Intent intent = mPm.getLaunchIntentForPackage("com.tencent.mm"); if (intent != null) { Log.d(TAG, "Intent for Launch this is:" + intent.toString()); } }

运行结果如下，原来启动微信的界面是com.tencent.mm.ui.LauncherUI。

08-15 14:23:59.909 18954-18954/? D/TestPackageManager: Intent for Launch this is:Intent { act=android.intent.action.MAIN cat=[android.intent.category.LAUNCHER] flg=0x10000000 pkg=com.tencent.mm cmp=com.tencent.mm/.ui.LauncherUI }