Android-如何将用户设置进行保存？(内部存储、SD卡，用类作为媒介)

    本次实例是将用户的设置信息，以实体类为媒介，保存到内部存储或者SD卡的文件里。再次打开应用时，程序会自动调用文件中实体类，并对设置信息进行设置，使其恢复到用户最终保存的状态。

首先，创建一个实体类（这里要实现 Serializable 接口，即序列化，这样才能让类在内存中传递）:

public class SettingData implements Serializable{ private boolean titleShow; private String textSize; private boolean notify; private boolean plug; private boolean autoRead; private boolean transmit; public SettingData() { } public SettingData(boolean titleShow, String textSize, boolean notify, boolean plug, boolean autoRead, boolean transmit) { this.titleShow = titleShow; this.textSize = textSize; this.notify = notify; this.plug = plug; this.autoRead = autoRead; this.transmit = transmit; } public boolean isTransmit() { return transmit; } public void setTransmit(boolean transmit) { this.transmit = transmit; } public boolean isTitleShow() { return titleShow; } public void setTitleShow(boolean titleShow) { this.titleShow = titleShow; } public String getTextSize() { return textSize; } public void setTextSize(String textSize) { this.textSize = textSize; } public boolean isNotify() { return notify; } public void setNotify(boolean notify) { this.notify = notify; } public boolean isPlug() { return plug; } public void setPlug(boolean plug) { this.plug = plug; } public boolean isAutoRead() { return autoRead; } public void setAutoRead(boolean autoRead) { this.autoRead = autoRead; } }接下里是Layout布局，这里楚略地弄了一个设置界面:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin" android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin" android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin" android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin" tools:context="jerehdu.com.jerehdu04.Scroll1Activity" android:orientation="vertical"> <ScrollView android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:scrollbars="none"> <LinearLayout android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:orientation="vertical"> <LinearLayout android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:orientation="horizontal" android:layout_marginBottom="6dp"> <ImageView android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:src="@mipmap/left_menu_activity_pressed"/> <LinearLayout android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:orientation="horizontal" android:layout_marginLeft="120dp"> <TextView android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="设置" android:textSize="20sp" android:layout_gravity="center" android:layout_weight="1"/> <TextView android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="完成" android:textSize="18sp" android:id="@+id/setting"/> </LinearLayout> </LinearLayout> <View android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="1dp" android:background="#eaeaea" android:layout_marginBottom="6dp" android:layout_marginTop="6dp" /> <LinearLayout android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="30dp" android:weightSum="1" android:orientation="horizontal" android:gravity="center"> <TextView android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="显示列表摘要" android:textSize="16sp" android:layout_weight="1"/> <CheckBox android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:id="@+id/titleShow"/> </LinearLayout> <View android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="1dp" android:background="#eaeaea" android:layout_marginBottom="6dp" android:layout_marginTop="6dp" /> <LinearLayout android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="30dp" android:orientation="horizontal" android:id="@+id/text" android:gravity="center"> <TextView android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="字体大小" android:textSize="16sp" android:layout_weight="1"/> <TextView android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="中" android:textSize="14sp" android:id="@+id/textSize"/> <ImageView android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:src="@mipmap/left_menu_blgj_pressed"/> </LinearLayout> <View android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="1dp" android:background="#eaeaea" android:layout_marginBottom="6dp" android:layout_marginTop="6dp" /> <LinearLayout android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="30dp" android:orientation="horizontal" android:gravity="center"> <TextView android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="列表页评论" android:textSize="16sp" android:layout_weight="1"/> <TextView android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="不限" android:textSize="14sp"/> <ImageView android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:src="@mipmap/left_menu_blgj_pressed"/> </LinearLayout> <View android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="1dp" android:background="#eaeaea" android:layout_marginBottom="6dp" android:layout_marginTop="6dp" /> <LinearLayout android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="30dp" android:orientation="horizontal" android:gravity="center"> <TextView android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="2G/3G网络流量" android:textSize="16sp" android:layout_weight="1"/> <TextView android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="较省流量" android:textSize="14sp"/> <ImageView android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:src="@mipmap/left_menu_blgj_pressed"/> </LinearLayout> <View android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="1dp" android:background="#eaeaea" android:layout_marginBottom="6dp" android:layout_marginTop="6dp" /> <LinearLayout android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="30dp" android:orientation="horizontal" android:gravity="center"> <TextView android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="清理缓存" android:textSize="16sp" android:layout_weight="1"/> <TextView android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="当前缓存:5.21MB" android:textSize="14sp"/> <ImageView android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:src="@mipmap/left_menu_blgj_pressed"/> </LinearLayout> <View android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="1dp" android:background="#eaeaea" android:layout_marginBottom="6dp" android:layout_marginTop="6dp" /> <LinearLayout android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="30dp" android:orientation="horizontal" android:gravity="center"> <TextView android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="推送通知" android:textSize="16sp" android:layout_weight="1"/> <CheckBox android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:id="@+id/notify"/> </LinearLayout> <View android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="1dp" android:background="#eaeaea" android:layout_marginBottom="6dp" android:layout_marginTop="6dp" /> <LinearLayout android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="30dp" android:orientation="horizontal" android:gravity="center"> <TextView android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="互动插件" android:textSize="16sp" android:layout_weight="1"/> <CheckBox android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:id="@+id/plug"/> </LinearLayout> <View android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="1dp" android:background="#eaeaea" android:layout_marginBottom="6dp" android:layout_marginTop="6dp" /> <LinearLayout android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="30dp" android:orientation="horizontal" android:gravity="center"> <TextView android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="自动优化阅读" android:textSize="16sp" android:layout_weight="1"/> <CheckBox android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:id="@+id/autoRead"/> </LinearLayout> <View android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="1dp" android:background="#eaeaea" android:layout_marginBottom="6dp" android:layout_marginTop="6dp" /> <LinearLayout android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="30dp" android:orientation="horizontal" android:gravity="center"> <TextView android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="收藏时转发" android:textSize="16sp" android:layout_weight="1"/> <CheckBox android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:id="@+id/transmit"/> </LinearLayout> </LinearLayout> </ScrollView> </LinearLayout>

最后，就是Activity啦，其功能实现为设置好后点击右上角“完成”，即可保存设置内容。

方法一:通过SharedPreferences

，保存设置内容: public class Setting2Activity extends AppCompatActivity { private CheckBox titleShow,notify,plug,autoRead,transmit; private TextView setting,textSize; private LinearLayout text; private SharedPreferences sp; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_setting2); titleShow = (CheckBox) findViewById(R.id.titleShow); notify = (CheckBox) findViewById(R.id.notify); plug = (CheckBox) findViewById(R.id.plug); autoRead = (CheckBox) findViewById(R.id.autoRead); transmit = (CheckBox) findViewById(R.id.transmit); setting = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.setting); textSize = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textSize); text = (LinearLayout) findViewById(R.id.text); //开启设置以保存的设置 settingStart(); //监听字体大小的改变，选择方式：对话框 text.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(Setting2Activity.this); builder.setTitle("选择字体大小"); builder.setIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher); final String[] items = {"小","中","大"}; int i; for(i=0;i<items.length;i++ ){ if(items[i].equals(textSize.getText())){ break; } } builder.setSingleChoiceItems(items,i, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(),items[which].toString(),Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); textSize.setText(items[which].toString()); dialog.dismiss(); } }); builder.setCancelable(true); AlertDialog alertDialog = builder.create(); alertDialog.show(); } }); sp = getSharedPreferences("mysetting.txt", Context.MODE_PRIVATE); setting.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { //存入数据 SharedPreferences.Editor editor = sp.edit(); editor.putBoolean("titleShow",titleShow.isChecked()); editor.putString("textSize",textSize.getText().toString()); editor.putBoolean("notify",notify.isChecked()); editor.putBoolean("plug",plug.isChecked()); editor.putBoolean("autoRead",autoRead.isChecked()); editor.putBoolean("transmit",transmit.isChecked()); editor.commit(); Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(),"保存成功",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } }); } //启动函数 public void settingStart(){ sp = getSharedPreferences("mysetting.txt", Context.MODE_PRIVATE); if(sp.getString("textSize","").equals("")){ Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(),"还没有预设值",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); return; } titleShow.setChecked(sp.getBoolean("titleShow",false)); textSize.setText(sp.getString("textSize","")); notify.setChecked(sp.getBoolean("notify",false)); plug.setChecked(sp.getBoolean("plug",false)); autoRead.setChecked(sp.getBoolean("autoRead",false)); transmit.setChecked(sp.getBoolean("transmit",false)); } }

方法二:实体类保存，并将其传到SD卡文件中:

public class SettingActivity extends AppCompatActivity { private CheckBox titleShow,notify,plug,autoRead,transmit; private TextView setting,textSize; private LinearLayout text; private SettingData settingData; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_scroll1); titleShow = (CheckBox) findViewById(R.id.titleShow); notify = (CheckBox) findViewById(R.id.notify); plug = (CheckBox) findViewById(R.id.plug); autoRead = (CheckBox) findViewById(R.id.autoRead); transmit = (CheckBox) findViewById(R.id.transmit); setting = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.setting); textSize = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textSize); text = (LinearLayout) findViewById(R.id.text); //开启设置以保存的设置 settingStart(); //监听字体大小的改变，选择方式：对话框 text.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(SettingActivity.this); builder.setTitle("选择字体大小"); builder.setIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher); final String[] items = {"小","中","大"}; int i; for(i=0;i<items.length;i++ ){ if(items[i].equals(textSize.getText())){ break; } } builder.setSingleChoiceItems(items,i, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(),items[which].toString(),Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); textSize.setText(items[which].toString()); dialog.dismiss(); } }); builder.setCancelable(true); AlertDialog alertDialog = builder.create(); alertDialog.show(); } }); //监听“完成” setting.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { settingData = new SettingData(titleShow.isChecked(), textSize.getText().toString(),notify.isChecked(), plug.isChecked(),autoRead.isChecked(),transmit.isChecked()); FileOutputStream fos = null; ObjectOutputStream oos = null; String state = Environment.getExternalStorageState(); if(!state.equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)){ Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(),"请检查SD卡",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); return; } File file = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(); try { File myfile = new File(file.getCanonicalPath(),"/设置.txt"); fos = new FileOutputStream(myfile); oos = new ObjectOutputStream(fos); oos.writeObject(settingData); Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(),"设置成功",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); oos.flush(); oos.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { if (fos!=null){ try { fos.flush(); fos.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } } }); } public void settingStart(){ //开启软件设置之前的设置 ObjectInputStream ois = null; FileInputStream fis = null; String statu = Environment.getExternalStorageState(); if(!statu.equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)){ Toast.makeText(this,"SD卡未就绪",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); return; } File root = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(); try { fis = new FileInputStream(root+"/设置.txt"); ois = new ObjectInputStream(fis); try { settingData = (SettingData) ois.readObject(); } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } titleShow.setChecked(settingData.isTitleShow()); textSize.setText(settingData.getTextSize()); notify.setChecked(settingData.isNotify()); plug.setChecked(settingData.isPlug()); autoRead.setChecked(settingData.isAutoRead()); transmit.setChecked(settingData.isTransmit()); } catch (FileNotFoundException e) { Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(),"未找到文件",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } catch (StreamCorruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { if(fis!=null){ } } } }

效果图: