转载请注明出处:http://hot66hot.iteye.com/blog/2291916 一:场景描述 对于线上大流量服务或者需要上报日志的nginx服务，每天会产生大量的日志，这些日志非常有价值。可用于计数上报、用户行为分析、接口质量、性能监控等需求。但传统nginx记录日志的方式数据会散落在各自nginx上，而且大流量日志本身对磁盘也是一种冲击。 我们需要把这部分nginx日志统一收集汇总起来,收集过程和结果需要满足如下需求:
支持不同业务获取数据,如监控业务，数据分析统计业务，推荐业务等。数据实时性高性能保证二:技术方案 得益于openresty和kafka的高性能，我们可以非常轻量高效的实现当前需求，架构如下: 方案描述:
1:线上请求打向nginx后，使用lua完成日志整理:如统一日志格式，过滤无效请求，分组等。2:根据不同业务的nginx日志,划分不同的topic。3:lua实现producter异步发送到kafka集群。4:对不同日志感兴趣的业务组实时消费获取日志数据。三:相关技术
openresty: http://openresty.orgkafka: http://kafka.apache.orglua-resty-kafka: https://github.com/doujiang24/lua-resty-kafka四:安装配置 为了简单直接，我们采用单机形式配置部署，集群情况类似。 1)准备openresty依赖:
Java代码 apt-get install libreadline-dev libncurses5-dev libpcre3-dev libssl-dev perl make build-essential # 或者 yum install readline-devel pcre-devel openssl-devel gcc2)安装编译openresty:
Java代码 #1:安装openresty: cd /opt/nginx/ # 安装文件所在目录 wget https://openresty.org/download/openresty-1.9.7.4.tar.gz tar -xzf openresty-1.9.7.4.tar.gz /opt/nginx/ #配置: # 指定目录为/opt/openresty,默认在/usr/local。 ./configure --prefix=/opt/openresty \ --with-luajit \ --without-http_redis2_module \ --with-http_iconv_module make make install3)安装lua-resty-kafka
Java代码 #下载lua-resty-kafka: wget https://github.com/doujiang24/lua-resty-kafka/archive/master.zip unzip lua-resty-kafka-master.zip -d /opt/nginx/ #拷贝lua-resty-kafka到openresty mkdir /opt/openresty/lualib/kafka cp -rf /opt/nginx/lua-resty-kafka-master/lib/resty /opt/openresty/lualib/kafka/4):安装单机kafka
Java代码 cd /opt/nginx/ wget http://apache.fayea.com/kafka/0.9.0.1/kafka_2.10-0.9.0.1.tgz tar xvf kafka_2.10-0.9.0.1.tgz # 开启单机zookeeper nohup sh bin/zookeeper-server-start.sh config/zookeeper.properties > ./zk.log 2>&1 & # 绑定broker ip,必须绑定 #在config/servier.properties下修改host.name #host.name={your_server_ip} # 启动kafka服务 nohup sh bin/kafka-server-start.sh config/server.properties > ./server.log 2>&1 & # 创建测试topic sh bin/kafka-topics.sh --zookeeper localhost:2181 --create --topic test1 --partitions 1 --replication-factor 1五:配置运行 开发编辑/opt/openresty/nginx/conf/nginx.conf 实现kafka记录nginx日志功能，源码如下:
Java代码 worker_processes 12; events { use epoll; worker_connections 65535; } http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; sendfile on; keepalive_timeout 0; gzip on; gzip_min_length 1k; gzip_buffers 4 8k; gzip_http_version 1.1; gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml application/X-JSON; charset UTF-8; # 配置后端代理服务 upstream rc{ server 10.10.*.15:8080 weight=5 max_fails=3; server 10.10.*.16:8080 weight=5 max_fails=3; server 10.16.*.54:8080 weight=5 max_fails=3; server 10.16.*.55:8080 weight=5 max_fails=3; server 10.10.*.113:8080 weight=5 max_fails=3; server 10.10.*.137:8080 weight=6 max_fails=3; server 10.10.*.138:8080 weight=6 max_fails=3; server 10.10.*.33:8080 weight=4 max_fails=3; # 最大长连数 keepalive 32; } # 配置lua依赖库地址 lua_package_path "/opt/openresty/lualib/kafka/?.lua;;"; server { listen 80; server_name localhost; location /favicon.ico { root html; index index.html index.htm; } location / { proxy_connect_timeout 8; proxy_send_timeout 8; proxy_read_timeout 8; proxy_buffer_size 4k; proxy_buffers 512 8k; proxy_busy_buffers_size 8k; proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k; proxy_next_upstream http_500 http_502 http_503 http_504 error timeout invalid_header; root html; index index.html index.htm; proxy_pass http://rc; proxy_http_version 1.1; proxy_set_header Connection ""; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; # 使用log_by_lua 包含lua代码,因为log_by_lua指令运行在请求最后且不影响proxy_pass机制 log_by_lua ' -- 引入lua所有api local cjson = require "cjson" local producer = require "resty.kafka.producer" -- 定义kafka broker地址，ip需要和kafka的host.name配置一致 local broker_list = { { host = "10.10.78.52", port = 9092 }, } -- 定义json便于日志数据整理收集 local log_json = {} log_json["uri"]=ngx.var.uri log_json["args"]=ngx.var.args log_json["host"]=ngx.var.host log_json["request_body"]=ngx.var.request_body log_json["remote_addr"] = ngx.var.remote_addr log_json["remote_user"] = ngx.var.remote_user log_json["time_local"] = ngx.var.time_local log_json["status"] = ngx.var.status log_json["body_bytes_sent"] = ngx.var.body_bytes_sent log_json["http_referer"] = ngx.var.http_referer log_json["http_user_agent"] = ngx.var.http_user_agent log_json["http_x_forwarded_for"] = ngx.var.http_x_forwarded_for log_json["upstream_response_time"] = ngx.var.upstream_response_time log_json["request_time"] = ngx.var.request_time -- 转换json为字符串 local message = cjson.encode(log_json); -- 定义kafka异步生产者 local bp = producer:new(broker_list, { producer_type = "async" }) -- 发送日志消息,send第二个参数key,用于kafka路由控制: -- key为nill(空)时，一段时间向同一partition写入数据 -- 指定key，按照key的hash写入到对应的partition local ok, err = bp:send("test1", nil, message) if not ok then ngx.log(ngx.ERR, "kafka send err:", err) return end '; } error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; } } }六:检测&运行
Java代码 # 检测配置,只检测nginx配置是否正确，lua错误日志在nginx的error.log文件中 ./nginx -t /opt/openresty/nginx/conf/nginx.conf # 启动 ./nginx -c /opt/openresty/nginx/conf/nginx.conf # 重启 ./nginx -s reload七:测试 1:使用任意http请求发送给当前nginx，如:
引用 http://10.10.78.52/m/personal/AC8E3BC7-6130-447B-A9D6-DF11CB74C3EF/rc/v1?passport=83FBC7337D681E679FFBA1B913E22A0D@qq.sohu.com&page=2&size=102:查看upstream代理是否工作正常 3:查看kafka 日志对应的topic是否产生消息日志，如下:
引用 # 从头消费topic数据命令 sh kafka-console-consumer.sh --zookeeper 10.10.78.52:2181 --topic test1 --from-beginning效果监测: 4:ab压力测试
引用 #单nginx+upstream测试: ab -n 10000 -c 100 -k http://10.10.34.15/m/personal/AC8E3BC7-6130-447B-A9D6-DF11CB74C3EF/rc/v1?passport=83FBC7337D681E679FFBA1B913E22A0D@qq.sohu.com&page=2&size=10 #结果 Server Software: nginx Server Hostname: 10.10.34.15 Server Port: 80 Document Path: /m/personal/AC8E3BC7-6130-447B-A9D6-DF11CB74C3EF/rc/v1?passport=83FBC7337D681E679FFBA1B913E22A0D@qq.sohu.com Document Length: 13810 bytes Concurrency Level: 100 Time taken for tests: 2.148996 seconds Complete requests: 10000 Failed requests: 9982 (Connect: 0, Length: 9982, Exceptions: 0) Write errors: 0 Keep-Alive requests: 0 Total transferred: 227090611 bytes HTML transferred: 225500642 bytes Requests per second: 4653.34 [#/sec] (mean) Time per request: 21.490 [ms] (mean) Time per request: 0.215 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests) Transfer rate: 103196.10 [Kbytes/sec] received Connection Times (ms) min mean[+/-sd] median max Connect: 0 0 0.1 0 2 Processing: 5 20 23.6 16 701 Waiting: 4 17 20.8 13 686 Total: 5 20 23.6 16 701 Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms) 50% 16 66% 20 75% 22 80% 25 90% 33 95% 41 98% 48 99% 69 100% 701 (longest request)引用 #单nginx+upstream+log_lua_kafka接入测试: ab -n 10000 -c 100 -k http://10.10.78.52/m/personal/AC8E3BC7-6130-447B-A9D6-DF11CB74C3EF/rc/v1?passport=83FBC7337D681E679FFBA1B913E22A0D@qq.sohu.com&page=2&size=10 #结果 Server Software: openresty/1.9.7.4 Server Hostname: 10.10.78.52 Server Port: 80 Document Path: /m/personal/AC8E3BC7-6130-447B-A9D6-DF11CB74C3EF/rc/v1?passport=83FBC7337D681E679FFBA1B913E22A0D@qq.sohu.com Document Length: 34396 bytes Concurrency Level: 100 Time taken for tests: 2.234785 seconds Complete requests: 10000 Failed requests: 9981 (Connect: 0, Length: 9981, Exceptions: 0) Write errors: 0 Keep-Alive requests: 0 Total transferred: 229781343 bytes HTML transferred: 228071374 bytes Requests per second: 4474.70 [#/sec] (mean) Time per request: 22.348 [ms] (mean) Time per request: 0.223 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests) Transfer rate: 100410.10 [Kbytes/sec] received Connection Times (ms) min mean[+/-sd] median max Connect: 0 0 0.2 0 3 Processing: 6 20 27.6 17 1504 Waiting: 5 15 12.0 14 237 Total: 6 20 27.6 17 1504 Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms) 50% 17 66% 19 75% 21 80% 23 90% 28 95% 34 98% 46 99% 67 100% 1004 (longest request)
