利用QT实现截屏的四种方法

    xiaoxiao2021-03-25  147

    利用QT实现截屏的四种方法;

    一:截取整个屏幕

    (1)代码如下:

    void Test::slotGrabFullScreen()

    {

        QScreen *screen = QGuiApplication::primaryScreen();

        QString filePathName = "full-";

        filePathName += QDateTime::currentDateTime().toString("yyyy-MM-dd hh-mm-ss-zzz");

        filePathName += ".jpg";

        if(!screen->grabWindow(0).save(filePathName, "jpg"))

        {

            cout<<"save full screen failed"<<endl;

        }

    }

    (2)效果如下图:

    注意:此方法用于保存整个屏幕。

    二:截取某个控件(QWidget)

    (1)代码如下:

    void Test::slotGrabWidgetScreen()

    {

        QRect rect = ui.vw->geometry();

        QPixmap p = this->grab(QRect(0, 0, 1000, 800));

        QString filePathName = "widget";

        filePathName += QDateTime::currentDateTime().toString("yyyy-MM-dd hh-mm-ss-zzz");

        filePathName += ".png";

        if(!p.save(filePathName,"png"))

        {

            cout<<"save widget screen failed"<<endl;

        }

    }

    调用QWidget的grab方法。

    (2)效果图:

    注意:此方法对截取播放视频的widget无效。播放视频的widget(QVideoWidget)

    三:截取视频图片

    方法:先截取整个屏幕,保存为图片,然后计算获取到视频在图片的位置。

    (1)代码如下:

    void Test::slotCutScreen()

    {

    // 保存整个屏幕为QPixmap

        QScreen *screen = QGuiApplication::primaryScreen();

        QString filePathName = "cut-";

        filePathName += QDateTime::currentDateTime().toString("yyyy-MM-dd hh-mm-ss-zzz");

        filePathName += ".png";

     

        QPixmap pixmap = screen->grabWindow(0);

        if(!pixmap.save(filePathName,"png"))

        {

            cout<<"cut save png failed"<<endl;

        }    

        

    // 计算视频的位置和大小

        cout<<"Full pixmap width: "<<pixmap.width()<<" height: "<<pixmap.height()<<endl;

        QRect geo = this->geometry();

        QRect appGeo = geo; // 整个应用程序在图片中的位置。

        cout<<"App x: "<<geo.x()<<" y: "<<geo.y()<<" width: "<<geo.width()<<" height: "<<geo.height()<<endl;

     

        geo = ui.vw->geometry(); // 播放视频在图片中的位置。

        cout<<"VW x: "<<geo.x()<<" y: "<<geo.y()<<" width: "<<geo.width()<<" height: "<<geo.height()<<endl;

        

        QWidget *centerWidget = centralWidget(); // QMainWindow在应用程序的位置

        QRect centerRect = centerWidget->geometry();

        cout<<"center x: "<<centerRect.x()<<" y: "<<centerRect.y()<<" width: "<<centerRect.width()<<" height: "<<centerRect.height()<<endl;

     

        QRect copyGeo;

        copyGeo.setX(geo.x() + appGeo.x() + centerRect.x()); // x=三个x相加

        copyGeo.setY(geo.y() + appGeo.y() + centerRect.y());

        copyGeo.setWidth(geo.width());

        copyGeo.setHeight(geo.height());

        cout<<"VW1 x: "<<copyGeo.x()<<" y: "<<copyGeo.y()<<" width: "<<copyGeo.width()<<" height: "<<copyGeo.height()<<endl;

     

        QPixmap pixmapCopy = pixmap.copy(copyGeo); // copy图片

        filePathName.prepend("Copy+");

        if(!pixmapCopy.save(filePathName,"png"))

        {

            cout<<"copy cut save png failed"<<endl;

        }

    }

    (2)效果图:整个屏幕

    (3)截取视频

    注意:此方法有两个弊端

    A:此方法截图的视频图片与窗口大小有关。有可能截取出来的像素非常低(播放视频的窗口很小)

    B:如果视频的分辨率与窗口大小不一致,则截取出来的图片有黑边框。(看上图左右两边有黑色边框)

    三、利用FFMPEG获取视频图片

    处理步骤:

    1:获取一帧数据

    2:利用FFMPEG将YUV格式转换为RGB格式

    3:保存图片

    (1)源代码

    // 以下是两个成员变量。一个是player,一个是侦测帧对象

    QMediaPlayer *mPlayer;

        QVideoProbe *mVideoProbe;

     

    void Test::slotGrabMediaScreenFFMPEG()

    {

        connect(mVideoProbe, SIGNAL(videoFrameProbed(QVideoFrame)), this, SLOT(slotProcessFrameFFMPEG(QVideoFrame)));    

    }

     

    void Test::slotProcessFrameFFMPEG(const QVideoFrame & buffer)

    {

        disconnect(mVideoProbe, SIGNAL(videoFrameProbed(QVideoFrame)), this, SLOT(slotProcessFrameFFMPEG(QVideoFrame)));

        if(!buffer.isValid()) // 数据是否有效

        {

            cout<<"frame is invalid"<<endl;

            connect(mVideoProbe, SIGNAL(videoFrameProbed(QVideoFrame)), this, SLOT(slotProcessFrame(QVideoFrame)));

            return;

        }

     

        QImage img;

        QVideoFrame frame(buffer); // 拷贝数据

        frame.map(QAbstractVideoBuffer::ReadOnly); // 将视频缓存映射到内存中

     

        int totalBytes = frame.width() * frame.height() * 3;

        uchar *imageBuffer = (uchar*)malloc(totalBytes);

        if(!YV12ToARGB24_FFmpeg(frame.bits(), imageBuffer, frame.width(), frame.height()))

        {

            cout<<"convert YUV to RGB failed"<<endl;

            return;

        }

     

        img = QImage(imageBuffer, frame.width(), frame.height(), //frame.bytesPerLine(),

            //imageFormat);

            QImage::Format_RGB888);

     

        QString filePathName = "convert-vedio-";

        filePathName += QDateTime::currentDateTime().toString("yyyy-MM-dd hh-mm-ss-zzz");

        filePathName += ".png";

        if(!img.save(filePathName,"png"))

        {

            cout<<"save convert vedio screen failed"<<endl;

        }

    }

     

     

    bool Test::YV12ToARGB24_FFmpeg(unsigned char* pYUV,unsigned char* pBGR24,int width,int height)

    {    

        if (width < 1 || height < 1 || pYUV == NULL || pBGR24 == NULL)

            return false;

        AVPicture pFrameYUV, pFrameBGR;

        avpicture_fill(&pFrameYUV, pYUV, PIX_FMT_NV12, width, height);

        avpicture_fill(&pFrameBGR, pBGR24, AV_PIX_FMT_RGB24, width,height);

     

        struct SwsContext* imgCtx = NULL;

        imgCtx = sws_getContext(width, height, PIX_FMT_NV12, width, height, AV_PIX_FMT_RGB24, SWS_BICUBIC, 0, 0, 0);

        if (imgCtx != NULL){

            sws_scale(imgCtx, pFrameYUV.data, pFrameYUV.linesize, 0, height, pFrameBGR.data, pFrameBGR.linesize);

            if(imgCtx){

                sws_freeContext(imgCtx);

                imgCtx = NULL;

            }

            return true;

        }

        else{

            sws_freeContext(imgCtx);

            imgCtx = NULL;

            return false;

        }

    }

     

    (2)效果图

    注意:这样就把视频给截取出来了。完全和视频一致。

    关于FFMPEG的搭建,见

    http://blog.csdn.net/huangqi734044860/article/details/60956995

     

    五:结论

    终于搞定了。

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