linux学习笔记（十一）

####apache配置#### yum install httpd.x86_64 -y    ##安装apache软件包 systemctl start httpd          ##启动apache服务 systemctl enable httpd         ##开机自动启动 firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=http firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=https firewall-cmd --reload firewall-cmd --list-all cd /var/www/html/ vim index.html holle world 172.25.254.20

测试：在浏览器中输入ip，可以查看到你写入的文件

http：超文本传输协议 https：加密传输协议 apache主配置文件：/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf ##将监听端口由20改为8080## vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf 42  Listen 8080                                ##更改端口 systemctl restart httpd firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=8080/tcp firewall-cmd --reload firewall-cmd --list-all 测试：在浏览器中输入ip:8080，可以查看到你写入的文件 ##设置westos为默认主页名称## mkdir /www/html -p cd /www/html/ vim westos ############## holle world hahahaha ############## ls -Z /var/www/ semanage fcontext -a -t httpd_sys_content_t '/www(/.*)?'   ##修改安全上下文 restorecon -RvvF /www/ ls -Z /var/www/ vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf #################################### 42  Listen 80 120  DocumentRoot "/www/html" 121  <Directory "/www/html"> 122     AllowOverride None 123     Require all granted 124  </Directory> 169     DirectoryIndex index.html westos ############################################# systemctl restart httpd 测试：在浏览器中输入ip，查看所写文件 ####虚拟主机#### 虚拟主机允许您从一个httpd服务器同时为多个网站提供服务。 cd /var/www/html rm -fr index.html mkdir /var/www/news mkdir /var/www/music vim westos ##### www.westos.com ###### echo news.westos.com > /var/www/news/westos echo music.westos.com > /var/www/music/westos cd /etc/httpd/conf.d/ vim default.conf ############################ <Virtualhost _default_:80>          ##定义虚拟主机的块         Documentroot /var/www/html         customlog "logs/default.log" combined </Virtualhost> <Directory /var/www/html>         require all granted </Directory> ############################ cp default.conf music.conf ############################# <Virtualhost *:80>         Servername music.westos.com  ##指定服务器名称。在使用基于名称的虚拟主机的情况下         Documentroot /var/www/music               customlog "logs/music.log" combined </Virtualhost> <Directory /var/www/music>         require all granted </Directory> ############################# cp music.conf news.conf vim music.conf ############################# <Virtualhost *:80>         Servername news.westos.com         Documentroot /var/www/news         customlog "logs/news.log" combined </Virtualhost> <Directory /var/www/news>         require all granted </Directory> ############################# systemctl restart httpd 客户端下： vim /etc/hosts ################################################################ 172.25.254.120 www.westos.com news.westos.com music.westos.com ################################################################ 测试：在浏览器中输入www.westos.com、news.westos.com、music.westos/com，会显示不同文件下书写的内容 ##设置访问黑名单## cd /var/www/news mkdir admin cd admin/ vim westos ################# hahahahaha ################# cd /etc/httpd/conf.d/ vim news.conf ########################################  11 <Directory /var/www/news/admin>  12         Order allow,deny  13         allow from 172.25.254.20  14         deny from all  15 </Directory> ######################################### systemctl restart httpd ##设置用户名密码登陆## cd /etc/httpd/conf [root@dns conf]# htpasswd -cm apacheusr admin    ##添加admin用户 New password:                                    ##设置密码 Re-type new password:                            ##再次确认密码 Adding password for user admin                   ##添加成功 cat apacheusr                                    ##查看用户信息 cd /etc/httpd/conf.d  11 <Directory /var/www/news/admin>  12         Authuserfile /etc/httpd/conf/apacheuser  13         Authname "Please input your name and password"  14         Authtype basic  15         Require user admin  16 </Directory>          

systemctl restart httpd

##php的配置## yum install php -y vim /var/www/html/index.php ################ <?php phpinfo (); ?> ################ vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf ######################################## 166 <IfModule dir_module> 167    DirectoryIndex   index.phpindex.html 168 </IfModule>

########################################

systemctl restart httpd

##动态脚本CGI脚本## cd /var/www/html/ mkdir cgi vim/var/www/html/cgi/index.cgi   编写cgi脚本主页 ################################# #!/usr/bin/perl print "Content-type:text/html\n\n"; print `date`;

#################################

chmod +x index.cgi semanage fcontext -a -t httpd_sys_script_exec_t '/var/www/music/cgi(/.*)?' restorecon -RvvF /var/www/music/cgi 2)vim/etc/httpd/conf.d/default.conf  ##使/var/www/html/cgi目录下的cgi文件可执行 ################################ <Directory"/var/www/html/cgi">    Options +ExecCGI    AddHandler cgi-script .cgi </Directory> #################################

perl index.cgi         ##用perl执行cji脚本

测试：http://172.25.254.10/cgi/index.cgi

##自定义签名证书## 如果加密的通信非常重要，而经过验证的身份不重要，管理员可以通过生成self-signed certificate来避免与认证机构进行交互所带来的复杂性。 yum install crypto-utils mod_ssl -y crypto-utils:用来改变网络端口 mod_ssl：用来生成证书和钥匙 netstat -antlpe | grep httpd

genkey apache.example.com

vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/login.conf 1 <Virtualhost *:443> 2         Servername login.westos.com 3         Documentroot /var/www/login 4         customlog "logs/login.log" combined 5         SSLEngine on 6         SSLCertificateFile //etc/pki/tls/certs/apache.example.com.crt 7         SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/pki/tls/private/apache.example.com.key 8 </Virtualhost> 10 <Directory /var/www/login> 11         require all granted 12 </Directory> 13 <Virtualhost *:80> 14         ServerName login.westos.com 15         RewriteEngine on 16         RewriteRule ^(/.*)$ https://%{HTTP_HOST}$1 [redirect=301] 17 </Virtualhost> systemctl restart httpd 数据库类型：mysql  oracle  db2   yum install mariadb-server -y systemctl start mariadb mysql netstat -antlpe | grep mysqld vim /etc/my.cnf ############################# 10  skip-networking=1 ############################# systemctl restart mariadb netstat -antlpe | grep mysqld mysql_secure_installation     ##添加密码配置 mysql -uroot -p

MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW DATABASES;       ##显示数据库

MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE westos;  ##创建westos数据库 MariaDB [(none)]> USE westos    ##进入数据库 MariaDB [westos]> CREATE TABLE linux (   ##创建表     -> username varchar(15) not null,     -> password varchar(30) not null

    -> );

MariaDB [westos]> DESC linux; MariaDB [westos]> INSERT INTO linux VALUES ('user1','123'); MariaDB [westos]> SELECT * FROM linux;   ##查询表linux中的全部

ALTER TABLE linux ADD age varchar(4);

##修改root密码## 1.知道密码，直接修改 mysqladmin -uroot -pwestos password redhat 2.忘记root用户密码 systemctl stop mariadb mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables &    绕过安全验证机制 mysql -uroot SELECT * FROM mysql.user

查看用户名，密码字段书写方式

UPDATE mysql.user set Password=password('lalala') WHERE User='root'; ##加密密码，否则密码为明文

killall -9 mysqld_safe ps aux | grep mysql kill -9 PID       ##结束残留mysql进程   ##数据备份## mysqldump -uroot -pwestos westos > /mnt/westos.sql mysql -uroot -pwestos -e "DROP DATABASE westos;"  ##删除库 mysql -uroot -pwestos -e "SHOW DATABASE;" mysql -uroot -pwestos -e "CREATE DATABASE westos;" mysql -uroot -pwestos westos < /mnt/westos.sql mysql -uroot -p SELECT * FROM westos.linux; 在网页上用myadmin软件管理数据库 1.下载 yum install httpd php-mysql  php -y download phpadmin_.tar.brz tar jxf phpmyadmin-*.tar.bz2 -C /var/www/html  -C 指定解压目录 mv phpmyadmin phpadmin   3.配置方法 cp -p config.sample.inc.php config.inc.php

vim config.inc.php

systemctl stop firewalld systemctl start httpd