1.开发环境 tomcat8.5，Jdk1.8，maven ；技术：java ,quartz,servlet(为了简便) 2.该系统使用场景：

`在12306上买了一张火车票，30分钟内需要支付（需要添加一个倒计时），30分钟还没有支付就请求取消订单的接口（自动根据url请求），如果支付了收到了支付的回调通知后，就删除计时器上的该任务 `

3.测试环境：需要两个项目，一个为生产环境，一个为调度服务器（后边测试我只用一个调度环境，生产环境通过http请求工具模拟测试） 4.创建maven项目：JobServer ，下图是项目结构图

5.引入所需要依赖的jar包

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.quartz-scheduler/quartz --> <dependency> <groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId> <artifactId>quartz</artifactId> <version>2.2.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId> <version>2.5.3</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId> <version>2.5.3</version> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-beanutils/commons-beanutils --> <dependency> <groupId>commons-beanutils</groupId> <artifactId>commons-beanutils</artifactId> <version>1.9.2</version> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-collections/commons-collections --> <dependency> <groupId>commons-collections</groupId> <artifactId>commons-collections</artifactId> <version>3.2.2</version> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-lang/commons-lang --> <dependency> <groupId>commons-lang</groupId> <artifactId>commons-lang</artifactId> <version>2.6</version> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-logging/commons-logging --> <dependency> <groupId>commons-logging</groupId> <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/net.sf.ezmorph/ezmorph --> <dependency> <groupId>net.sf.ezmorph</groupId> <artifactId>ezmorph</artifactId> <version>1.0.6</version> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/net.sf.json-lib/json-lib --> <dependency> <groupId>net.sf.json-lib</groupId> <artifactId>json-lib</artifactId> <version>2.4</version> </dependency>

编写以下类：

Config.java

package com.job.config; public class Config { public static String token="SB is zhangke"; private Config() { super(); } }

JobGroupInfo.java

package com.job.model; public class JobGroupInfo { private String jobName;//任务名字 private String jobGroupName;//组名字 private Long nextFireTime;//下次执行时间 public String getJobName() { return jobName; } public void setJobName(String jobName) { this.jobName = jobName; } public String getJobGroupName() { return jobGroupName; } public void setJobGroupName(String jobGroupName) { this.jobGroupName = jobGroupName; } public Long getNextFireTime() { return nextFireTime; } public void setNextFireTime(Long nextFireTime) { this.nextFireTime = nextFireTime; } public JobGroupInfo() { super(); // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub } public JobGroupInfo(String jobName, String jobGroupName, Long nextFireTime) { super(); this.jobName = jobName; this.jobGroupName = jobGroupName; this.nextFireTime = nextFireTime; } }

package com.job.model;

TaskInfo.java

public class TaskInfo { private String backUrl;//任务回调地址 private String jobName;//任务名字 private Integer seconds;//计时时间 private Object context;//其他内容 private Integer errormaxcount;//失败请求的次数 private String jobGorupName;//任务组名字 public String getJobGorupName() { return jobGorupName; } public void setJobGorupName(String jobGorupName) { this.jobGorupName = jobGorupName; } public Integer getErrormaxcount() { return errormaxcount; } public void setErrormaxcount(Integer errormaxcount) { this.errormaxcount = errormaxcount; } public String getBackUrl() { return backUrl; } public void setBackUrl(String backUrl) { this.backUrl = backUrl; } public String getJobName() { return jobName; } public void setJobName(String jobName) { this.jobName = jobName; } public Integer getSeconds() { return seconds; } public void setSeconds(Integer seconds) { this.seconds = seconds; } public Object getContext() { return context; } public void setContext(Object context) { this.context = context; } public TaskInfo() { super(); // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub } public TaskInfo(String backUrl, String jobName, Integer seconds, Object context, Integer errormaxcount, String jobGorupName) { super(); this.backUrl = backUrl; this.jobName = jobName; this.seconds = seconds; this.context = context; this.errormaxcount = errormaxcount; this.jobGorupName = jobGorupName; } @Override public String toString() { return "TaskInfo [backUrl=" + backUrl + ", jobName=" + jobName + ", seconds=" + seconds + ", context=" + context + ", errormaxcount=" + errormaxcount + ", jobGorupName=" + jobGorupName + "]"; } }

JobBack.java

package com.job.server; import org.quartz.Job; import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext; import org.quartz.JobExecutionException; import com.job.config.Config; import com.job.model.TaskInfo; import com.job.utli.HttpUtil; import com.job.utli.MD5Util; /** * 执行回调任务 * * @author niewei * */ public class JobBack implements Job { //回调执行方法 public void execute(JobExecutionContext context) throws JobExecutionException { //得到添加任务中的参数 TaskInfo task = (TaskInfo) context.getMergedJobDataMap().get("task"); sendBack(task); } private void sendBack(TaskInfo task) { task.setErrormaxcount(task.getErrormaxcount() - 1); // 得到参数请求回调 try { //拼装请求地址以及参数 String uri = "jobName=" + task.getJobName() + "&context=" + task.getContext() + "&jobGorupName=" + task.getJobGorupName() + "¶mkey=" + MD5Util.GetMD5Code(Config.token); //请求并得到返回值 String res = HttpUtil.request_post(task.getBackUrl(), uri); //如果返回值不是“SUCCESS” 就等待10S进行重复请求（此处避免请求失败就结束请求，参数中传递了一个失败请求次数） if (!res.trim().equals("SUCCESS")) { //如果请求错误次数还大于0 if (task.getErrormaxcount() >= 1) { Thread.sleep(10000); sendBack(task); } } } catch (Exception e) { System.out.println(e.getMessage()); if (task.getErrormaxcount() >= 1) { try { Thread.sleep(10000); } catch (InterruptedException e1) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e1.printStackTrace(); } sendBack(task); } } } }

JobManager.java

package com.job.server; import java.util.Date; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map; import org.quartz.Job; import org.quartz.JobDetail; import org.quartz.JobKey; import org.quartz.Scheduler; import org.quartz.SchedulerException; import org.quartz.SchedulerFactory; import org.quartz.core.jmx.JobDetailSupport; import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory; import org.quartz.impl.triggers.SimpleTriggerImpl; /** * 任务调度 * @author niewei * */ public class JobManager { private final static String TRIGGER_GROUP_NAME = "QUARTZ_TRIGGERGROUP";//触发器组 private final static SchedulerFactory sf = new StdSchedulerFactory(); /** * 添加任务 * @param jobName 任务名称 * @param job 任务处理类 需要继承Job * @param context 处理任务可以获取的上下文 通过context.getMergedJobDataMap().getString("context"); 获取 * @param seconds 间隔秒 * @return */ public static int addJob(String jobName,Class<? extends Job> job,Object task,int seconds,String jobGorupName){ try { //判断任务是否存在 Scheduler sche = sf.getScheduler(); JobKey jobKey = JobKey.jobKey(jobName,jobGorupName); if(sche.checkExists(jobKey)){ return 1;//任务已经存在 } //创建一个JobDetail实例，指定SimpleJob Map<String, Object> JobDetailmap =new HashMap<String, Object>(); JobDetailmap.put("name", jobName);//设置任务名字 JobDetailmap.put("group", jobGorupName);//设置任务组 JobDetailmap.put("jobClass",job.getCanonicalName());//指定执行类 Task.class.getCanonicalName() JobDetail jobDetail=JobDetailSupport.newJobDetail(JobDetailmap); //添加数据内容 jobDetail.getJobDataMap().put("task",task);//传输的上下文 //通过SimpleTrigger定义调度规则：马上启动，每2秒运行一次，共运行100次 等。。。。 SimpleTriggerImpl simpleTrigger = new SimpleTriggerImpl(); simpleTrigger.setName(jobName); simpleTrigger.setGroup(TRIGGER_GROUP_NAME); //什么时候开始执行 simpleTrigger.setStartTime(new Date(new Date().getTime()+1000*seconds)); //间隔时间 simpleTrigger.setRepeatInterval(1000*seconds); //最多访问次数 默认执行一次 simpleTrigger.setRepeatCount(0); //通过SchedulerFactory获取一个调度器实例 SchedulerFactory schedulerFactory = new StdSchedulerFactory(); Scheduler scheduler = schedulerFactory.getScheduler(); scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail, simpleTrigger);//④ 注册并进行调度 scheduler.start();//⑤调度启动 return 0;//添加成功 } catch (Exception e) { //e.printStackTrace(); return 2;//操作异常 } } /** * 关闭任务调度 * @param jobName 任务名称 * @return 0 关闭成功 1： 关闭失败 2：操作异常 */ public static int closeJob(String jobName,String jobGorupName){ //关闭任务调度 try { Scheduler sche = sf.getScheduler(); JobKey jobKey = JobKey.jobKey(jobName,jobGorupName); return sche.deleteJob(jobKey)==true?0:1; } catch (SchedulerException e) { //e.printStackTrace(); return 2; } } private JobManager() {} }

AddJob.java

package com.job.servlet; import java.io.IOException; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import com.job.model.TaskInfo; import com.job.server.JobBack; import com.job.server.JobManager; /*** * 添加任务调度 * * @author niewei * */ @WebServlet("/addJob.do") public class AddJob extends HttpServlet { private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; /** * @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet() */ public AddJob() { super(); // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub } /** * @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse * response) */ protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { //避免get 请求 response.sendError(403); // doPost(request, response); } /** * 处理添加任务 */ protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { // 设置编码 request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8"); response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8"); response.setContentType("utf-8"); // 得到请求 String jobName = request.getParameter("jobName");// 得到任务名称 // 得到token //String token = request.getParameter("token"); // 验证签名 /*if (!MD5Util.GetMD5Code(jobName + Config.token + "zhangke is shabi!").equals(token)) { return; }*/ // 得到回调 String backUrl = request.getParameter("backUrl"); // 得到请求定时时间 Integer seconds = Integer.valueOf(request.getParameter("seconds")); String errMaxCount = request.getParameter("errormaxcount"); Integer errormaxcount = errMaxCount == null ? 1 : Integer.valueOf(errMaxCount);// 回调请求失败的次数 // 默认为一次 // 得到其他参数 String context = request.getParameter("context"); // 得到任务组 String jobGorupName = request.getParameter("jobGorupName"); TaskInfo t = new TaskInfo(backUrl, jobName, seconds, context, errormaxcount, jobGorupName); // 添加任务 Integer res = JobManager.addJob(jobName, JobBack.class, t, seconds, jobGorupName); response.getWriter().write(res.toString()); } }

MonitoringJob.java

package com.job.servlet; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.Date; import java.util.List; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import org.quartz.JobKey; import org.quartz.Scheduler; import org.quartz.SchedulerException; import org.quartz.Trigger; import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory; import org.quartz.impl.matchers.GroupMatcher; import com.job.model.JobGroupInfo; import net.sf.json.JSONArray; /*** * 查看任务情况 * * @author niewei * */ @WebServlet("/monitoringJob.do") public class MonitoringJob extends HttpServlet { private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; /** * @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet() */ public MonitoringJob() { super(); } protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { doPost(request, response); } protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8"); response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8"); response.setContentType("text/json;char=utf-8"); // 得到任务组名字 String jobGroupName = request.getParameter("jobGroupName"); // 验证是否为空 //monitoringJob.do List<JobGroupInfo> list=new ArrayList<JobGroupInfo>(); try { Scheduler scheduler = new StdSchedulerFactory().getScheduler(); for (JobKey jobKey : scheduler.getJobKeys(GroupMatcher.jobGroupEquals(jobGroupName==null?"":jobGroupName))) { String jobName = jobKey.getName(); String jobGroup = jobKey.getGroup(); // get job's trigger List<Trigger> triggers = (List<Trigger>) scheduler.getTriggersOfJob(jobKey); Date nextFireTime = triggers.get(0).getNextFireTime(); // 下一次执行时间、 JobGroupInfo gri=new JobGroupInfo(jobName, jobGroup, nextFireTime.getTime()); list.add(gri); } response.getWriter().write(JSONArray.fromObject(list).toString()); } catch (SchedulerException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } } }

RemoveJob.java

package com.job.servlet; import java.io.IOException; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import com.job.server.JobManager; /*** * 移除任务 * @author niewei * */ @WebServlet("/removeJob.do") public class RemoveJob extends HttpServlet { private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; /** * @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet() */ public RemoveJob() { super(); // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub } /** * @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) */ protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { response.sendError(403); } /** * @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) */ protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { //得到任务名 String jobName=request.getParameter("jobName"); //得到签名 String token =request.getParameter("token"); //得到任务组 String jobGorupName=request.getParameter("jobGorupName"); //验证签名 /*if(!MD5Util.GetMD5Code(jobName+Config.token+"zhangke is sb!").equals(token)){ response.getWriter().write("2"); return; }*/ //执行移除操作 int res=JobManager.closeJob(jobName,jobGorupName); if(res==0){//成功 response.getWriter().write("0"); }else if(res==1){//不存在 response.getWriter().write("1"); }else{ //报错啦！ response.getWriter().write("2"); } } }

TestBack.java(这个servlet是用来测试回调用，我回调url就写这个。。)

package com.job.servlet; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.Date; import java.util.Iterator; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import net.sf.json.JSONObject; import org.quartz.JobKey; import org.quartz.Scheduler; import org.quartz.SchedulerException; import org.quartz.Trigger; import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory; import org.quartz.impl.matchers.GroupMatcher; import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.util.JSONPObject; /** * 测试回调地址 */ @WebServlet("/testback") public class TestBack extends HttpServlet { private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; /** * @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet() */ public TestBack() { super(); // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub } /** * @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) */ protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { System.out.println("get请求"); // TODO Auto-generated method stub } /** * @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) */ protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8"); Map<String, String[]> map=request.getParameterMap(); Iterator<String> iter = map.keySet().iterator(); while (iter.hasNext()) { String key=iter.next(); System.out.println("key："+key+" value:"+map.get(key)[0]); } response.getWriter().write("SUCCESS"); } }

HttpUtil.java

package com.job.utli; import java.io.BufferedReader; import java.io.InputStream; import java.io.InputStreamReader; import java.net.HttpURLConnection; import java.net.URL; public class HttpUtil { public static String request_get(String httpUrl) { BufferedReader reader = null; String result = null; StringBuffer sbf = new StringBuffer(); try { URL url = new URL(httpUrl); HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url .openConnection(); connection.setRequestMethod("GET"); connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded"); connection.setDoOutput(true); connection.setDoInput(true); connection.setConnectTimeout(5000); connection.setReadTimeout(20000); connection.connect(); InputStream is = connection.getInputStream(); reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is,"UTF-8")); String strRead = null; while ((strRead = reader.readLine()) != null) { sbf.append(strRead); sbf.append("\r\n"); } reader.close(); result = sbf.toString(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return result; } public static String request_post(String httpUrl, String httpArg) { BufferedReader reader = null; String result = null; StringBuffer sbf = new StringBuffer(); try { URL url = new URL(httpUrl); HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url .openConnection(); connection.setRequestMethod("POST"); connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded"); connection.setDoOutput(true); connection.setDoInput(true); connection.setConnectTimeout(5000); connection.setReadTimeout(20000); connection.getOutputStream().write(httpArg.getBytes("UTF-8")); connection.connect(); InputStream is = connection.getInputStream(); reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is,"UTF-8")); String strRead = null; while ((strRead = reader.readLine()) != null) { sbf.append(strRead); sbf.append("\r\n"); } reader.close(); result = sbf.toString(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return result; } }

MD5Util.java

package com.job.utli; import java.security.MessageDigest; import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException; /*** *md5 * @author niewei * */ public class MD5Util { private final static String[] strDigits = { "0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9", "a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f" }; public MD5Util() { } private static String byteToArrayString(byte bByte) { int iRet = bByte; if (iRet < 0) { iRet += 256; } int iD1 = iRet / 16; int iD2 = iRet % 16; return strDigits[iD1] + strDigits[iD2]; } private static String byteToNum(byte bByte) { int iRet = bByte; System.out.println("iRet1=" + iRet); if (iRet < 0) { iRet += 256; } return String.valueOf(iRet); } private static String byteToString(byte[] bByte) { StringBuffer sBuffer = new StringBuffer(); for (int i = 0; i < bByte.length; i++) { sBuffer.append(byteToArrayString(bByte[i])); } return sBuffer.toString(); } public static String GetMD5Code(String strObj) { String resultString = null; try { resultString = new String(strObj); MessageDigest md = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5"); resultString = byteToString(md.digest(strObj.getBytes())); } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); } return resultString; } }

以上代码编写完了之后就跑起来

测试

1.我使用火狐浏览器—》附加组件—》搜索HttpRequester安装重启火狐即可 2.

在测试工具中填写如下类型参数即可，注意回调地址我写的调度中心的测试方法 3.等5s中就能在在控制台中打印出来

以上大致就完成了，查看任务详情，和删除任务就不一一测试了。

以上只是简单得一个场景测试，重启服务器任务就丢失，所以这样不是很推荐这样在生产环境中使用，后边文章中会吧任务放置数据库中。