二维码扫描

二维码生成

二维码解析

在项目的开发中, 使用二维码作为数据传递 交换 已经是常态了! 在这我也讲讲自己在项目开发中使用到的二维码.

生成二维码的开发流程

1 应用google 给我们提供的zxing.jar (建议官网下载)  2 使用zxing.jar 的MultiFormatWriter 类 生成一张二维码图片

核心代码块 /** * 方法说明：生成无图片二维码 */ @SuppressWarnings("unused") private Bitmap createTwoCode(String content) throws WriterException { BitMatrix matrix = new MultiFormatWriter().encode(content, BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, 300, 300); int width = matrix.getWidth(); int height = matrix.getHeight(); int[] pixels = new int[width * height]; for (int y = 0; y < height; y++) { for (int x = 0; x < width; x++) { if (matrix.get(x, y)) { pixels[y * width + x] = 0xff000000; } } } Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(width, height, Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888); bitmap.setPixels(pixels, 0, width, 0, 0, width, height); return bitmap; } /** * 方法说明：生成有图片二维码 */ @SuppressWarnings("unused") private Bitmap createTwoCode(String str, int widthAndHeight) throws WriterException { Hashtable<DecodeHintType, String> hints = new Hashtable<DecodeHintType, String>(); hints.put(DecodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, "utf-8"); BitMatrix matrix = new MultiFormatWriter().encode(str, BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, widthAndHeight, widthAndHeight); int width = matrix.getWidth(); int height = matrix.getHeight(); int[] pixels = new int[width * height]; for (int y = 0; y < height; y++) { for (int x = 0; x < width; x++) { if (matrix.get(x, y)) { pixels[y * width + x] = 0xff000000; } } } Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(width, height, Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888); bitmap.setPixels(pixels, 0, width, 0, 0, width, height); return bitmap; } 1234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272829303132333435363738394041424344 1234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272829303132333435363738394041424344

全整的demo 代码

(1) res/layout 布局文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:orientation="vertical" > <Button android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:onClick="create2Code" android:text="生成二维码" /> <Button android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:onClick="create2Code" android:text="扫码" /> <ImageView android:id="@+id/activity_my_coupons_pic" android:layout_width="300dip" android:layout_height="300dip" android:layout_gravity="center" /> </LinearLayout> 12345678910111213141516171819202122232425 12345678910111213141516171819202122232425

(2) activity 中代码块

package com.gghl.view.wheelcity; import java.util.Hashtable; import android.app.Activity; import android.graphics.Bitmap; import android.graphics.BitmapFactory; import android.graphics.Canvas; import android.graphics.Matrix; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.View; import android.widget.ImageView; import com.google.zxing.BarcodeFormat; import com.google.zxing.DecodeHintType; import com.google.zxing.MultiFormatWriter; import com.google.zxing.WriterException; import com.google.zxing.common.BitMatrix; import com.zf.iosdialog.R; public class NagitestActivty extends Activity { private ImageView activity_my_coupons_pic; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.nagi_testactivity); activity_my_coupons_pic = (ImageView) this.findViewById(R.id.activity_my_coupons_pic); } //生成二维码 public void create2Code(View view) throws WriterException{ String content = "毅神之怒"; Bitmap bmp = createTwoCode(content,300); Bitmap logoBmp = small(BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), R.drawable.app_icon)); Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(bmp.getWidth(), bmp.getHeight(), bmp.getConfig()); Canvas canvas = new Canvas(bitmap); canvas.drawBitmap(bmp, 0, 0, null); canvas.drawBitmap(logoBmp, bmp.getWidth() / 2 - logoBmp.getWidth() / 2, bmp.getHeight() / 2 - logoBmp.getHeight() / 2, null); activity_my_coupons_pic.setImageBitmap(bitmap); } /** * 方法说明：生成无图片二维码 */ @SuppressWarnings("unused") private Bitmap createTwoCode(String content) throws WriterException { BitMatrix matrix = new MultiFormatWriter().encode(content, BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, 300, 300); int width = matrix.getWidth(); int height = matrix.getHeight(); int[] pixels = new int[width * height]; for (int y = 0; y < height; y++) { for (int x = 0; x < width; x++) { if (matrix.get(x, y)) { pixels[y * width + x] = 0xff000000; } } } Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(width, height, Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888); bitmap.setPixels(pixels, 0, width, 0, 0, width, height); return bitmap; } /** * 方法说明：生成有图片二维码 */ @SuppressWarnings("unused") private Bitmap createTwoCode(String str, int widthAndHeight) throws WriterException { Hashtable<DecodeHintType, String> hints = new Hashtable<DecodeHintType, String>(); hints.put(DecodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, "utf-8"); BitMatrix matrix = new MultiFormatWriter().encode(str, BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, widthAndHeight, widthAndHeight); int width = matrix.getWidth(); int height = matrix.getHeight(); int[] pixels = new int[width * height]; for (int y = 0; y < height; y++) { for (int x = 0; x < width; x++) { if (matrix.get(x, y)) { pixels[y * width + x] = 0xff000000; } } } Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(width, height, Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888); bitmap.setPixels(pixels, 0, width, 0, 0, width, height); return bitmap; } /** * 方法说明：缩小Bitmap */ @SuppressWarnings("unused") private static Bitmap small(Bitmap bitmap) { Matrix matrix = new Matrix(); matrix.postScale(0.2f, 0.2f); Bitmap resizeBmp = Bitmap.createBitmap(bitmap, 0, 0, bitmap.getWidth(), bitmap.getHeight(), matrix, true); return resizeBmp; } } 123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293949596979899 123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293949596979899

最后的效果: 

呵呵, 可以试试使用微信或支付宝扫一扫~~~~ 但是当在真实的项目中,大家改吧改吧就是你们的了!

二维码的扫描

对于二维码的扫描,我只是简单说说原理;  其实在二维码扫描就是读取二维码图片中信息, zxing.jar 也一样的封装好在LuminanceSource.Java 中

// 解析QR图片 private void scanningImage() { Hashtable<DecodeHintType, String> hints = new Hashtable<DecodeHintType, String>(); hints.put(DecodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, "utf-8"); // 获得待解析的图片 Bitmap bitmap = ((BitmapDrawable) qr_image.getDrawable()).getBitmap(); RGBLuminanceSource source = new RGBLuminanceSource(bitmap); BinaryBitmap bitmap1 = new BinaryBitmap(new HybridBinarizer(source)); QRCodeReader reader = new QRCodeReader(); Result result; try { result = reader.decode(bitmap1); result=reader.decode(bitmap1, hints ); // 得到解析后的文字 qr_result.setText(result.getText()); } catch (NotFoundException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (ChecksumException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (FormatException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } 12345678910111213141516171819202122232425 12345678910111213141516171819202122232425

zxing.jar 中LuminanceSource 核心类

package com.example.ecodetest; /* * Copyright 2009 ZXing authors * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. */ import java.io.FileNotFoundException; import android.graphics.Bitmap; import android.graphics.BitmapFactory; import com.google.zxing.LuminanceSource; public final class RGBLuminanceSource extends LuminanceSource { private final byte[] luminances; public RGBLuminanceSource(String path) throws FileNotFoundException { this(loadBitmap(path)); } public RGBLuminanceSource(Bitmap bitmap) { super(bitmap.getWidth(), bitmap.getHeight()); int width = bitmap.getWidth(); int height = bitmap.getHeight(); int[] pixels = new int[width * height]; bitmap.getPixels(pixels, 0, width, 0, 0, width, height); // In order to measure pure decoding speed, we convert the entire image to a greyscale array // up front, which is the same as the Y channel of the YUVLuminanceSource in the real app. luminances = new byte[width * height]; for (int y = 0; y < height; y++) { int offset = y * width; for (int x = 0; x < width; x++) { int pixel = pixels[offset + x]; int r = (pixel >> 16) & 0xff; int g = (pixel >> 8) & 0xff; int b = pixel & 0xff; if (r == g && g == b) { // Image is already greyscale, so pick any channel. luminances[offset + x] = (byte) r; } else { // Calculate luminance cheaply, favoring green. luminances[offset + x] = (byte) ((r + g + g + b) >> 2); } } } } public byte[] getRow(int y, byte[] row) { if (y < 0 || y >= getHeight()) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Requested row is outside the image: " + y); } int width = getWidth(); if (row == null || row.length < width) { row = new byte[width]; } System.arraycopy(luminances, y * width, row, 0, width); return row; } // Since this class does not support cropping, the underlying byte array already contains // exactly what the caller is asking for, so give it to them without a copy. public byte[] getMatrix() { return luminances; } private static Bitmap loadBitmap(String path) throws FileNotFoundException { Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeFile(path); if (bitmap == null) { throw new FileNotFoundException("Couldn't open " + path); } return bitmap; } } 1234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272829303132333435363738394041424344454647484950515253545556575859606162636465666768697071727374757677787980818283848586878889 1234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272829303132333435363738394041424344454647484950515253545556575859606162636465666768697071727374757677787980818283848586878889

看到这里大家可能有一个疑问, 二维码支付是什么做的!

这个时候就是需要与服务器进行交互了, 在我做的这个第三方支付项目中,

我们通过一个Timer定时器不断从访问服务询问用户客户端是否已经支付,

这有点像tcp 协议中的三次握手;

Timer timer = new Timer(); TimerTask task = new TimerTask() { @Override public void run() { runOnUiThread(new Runnable() { // UI thread @Override public void run() { recLen--; if(recLen < 0){ //获得支付状态 getPayStatus(); recLen = 3; } } }); } }; timer.schedule(task, 1000, 1000); 123456789101112131415161718192021 123456789101112131415161718192021

如果大家在这一点还是不理解的话, 大家可以看看支付宝的支付宝二维码管理接口api 文档

里面的写的非常详细.