使用nexus3搭建私有仓库

    xiaoxiao2021-04-18  43

    nexus是广为人知的搭建maven私有仓库的工具。 本文记录nexus在安装配置过程中的一些笔记。

    使用docker安装nexus

    docker-compose.yml配置:

    version: '2' services: nexus: image: sonatype/nexus3:3.2.0 ports: - 8081:8081 volumes: - /mnt/nexus-data:/nexus-data:Z

    第一次启动时会报错,提示挂载的目录写权限不足。需要修改一下挂载目录的所有者:

    mkdir nexus-data && chown -R 200 /mnt/nexus-data

    参考文档: https://github.com/sonatype/docker-nexus3

    在maven配置文件内,设置私有仓库的账号密码。

    有两个地方可以修改maven配置。

    一个是global配置。 mac下:如果是使用brew安装:/usr/local/Cellar/maven/3.3.9/libexec/conf/settings.xml centOS下: /usr/local/apache-maven-3.3.9/conf/settings.xml Intellij IDE:/Applications/IntelliJ IDEA.app/Contents/plugins/maven/lib/maven3/conf/settings.xml

    一个是当前用户的配置:~/.m2/settings.xml 该文件默认不存在,手动创建后, 会覆盖global的配置。 创建settings.xml文件,并将代码拷贝进去:

    <settings> <mirrors> <mirror> <!--This sends everything else to /public --> <id>nexus</id> <mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf> <url>http://localhost:8081/repository/maven-public/</url> </mirror> </mirrors> <profiles> <profile> <id>nexus</id> <!--Enable snapshots for the built in central repo to direct --> <!--all requests to nexus via the mirror --> <repositories> <repository> <id>central</id> <url>http://central</url> <releases><enabled>true</enabled></releases> <snapshots><enabled>true</enabled></snapshots> </repository> </repositories> <pluginRepositories> <pluginRepository> <id>central</id> <url>http://central</url> <releases><enabled>true</enabled></releases> <snapshots><enabled>true</enabled></snapshots> </pluginRepository> </pluginRepositories> </profile> </profiles> <activeProfiles> <!--make the profile active all the time --> <activeProfile>nexus</activeProfile> </activeProfiles> <servers> <server> <id>nexus</id> <username>admin</username> <password>admin123</password> </server> </servers> </settings>

    将<mirror><url>标签内的地址修改成nexus服务的地址。 <servers>标签内填写nexus服务的账号密码,发布maven项目到nexus时,需要用到。 <server><id>下id需要跟<mirror><id>一致。

    拉取maven项目

    当拉取maven项目时,流程是:

    nexus检查本地是否存在该项目。如果存在, 直接将该项目返回给客户端。如果不存在,从maven官方仓库中拉取项目,并保存到本地。之后返回给客户端。

    在nexus的web页面上,可以搜索到之前拉取的项目。

    search2.png

    发布项目到nexus仓库

    首先在项目的pom.xml文件内,指定发布地址:

    <distributionManagement> <repository> <id>nexus</id> <name>Releases</name> <url>http://{your-nexus-ip}/repository/maven-releases</url> </repository> <snapshotRepository> <id>nexus</id> <name>Snapshot</name> <url>http://{your-nexus-ip}/repository/maven-snapshots</url> </snapshotRepository> </distributionManagement>

    此处注意:release版本要配置到<repository>标签内。snapshot版本配置到<snapshotRepository>标签内。

    使用命令发布项目:mvn clean deploy log显示上传发布的地址:

    [INFO] --- maven-install-plugin:2.5.2:install (default-install) @ base --- [INFO] Installing /Users/Franklin/Documents/work/hldh/cloud/cloud-base-repo/pom.xml to /Users/Franklin/.m2/repository/com/hldh/cloud/base/1.0-SNAPSHOT/base-1.0-SNAPSHOT.pom [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-deploy-plugin:2.8.2:deploy (default-deploy) @ base --- Downloading: http://nexus.store.com/repository/maven-snapshots/com/hldh/cloud/base/1.0-SNAPSHOT/maven-metadata.xml Downloaded: http://nexus.store.com/repository/maven-snapshots/com/hldh/cloud/base/1.0-SNAPSHOT/maven-metadata.xml (591 B at 2.7 KB/sec) Uploading: http://nexus.store.com/repository/maven-snapshots/com/hldh/cloud/base/1.0-SNAPSHOT/base-1.0-20170107.083838-2.pom Uploaded: http://nexus.store.com/repository/maven-snapshots/com/hldh/cloud/base/1.0-SNAPSHOT/base-1.0-20170107.083838-2.pom (6 KB at 24.7 KB/sec) Downloading: http://nexus.store.com/repository/maven-snapshots/com/hldh/cloud/base/maven-metadata.xml Downloaded: http://nexus.store.com/repository/maven-snapshots/com/hldh/cloud/base/maven-metadata.xml (276 B at 2.8 KB/sec) Uploading: http://nexus.store.com/repository/maven-snapshots/com/hldh/cloud/base/1.0-SNAPSHOT/maven-metadata.xml Uploaded: http://nexus.store.com/repository/maven-snapshots/com/hldh/cloud/base/1.0-SNAPSHOT/maven-metadata.xml (591 B at 3.0 KB/sec) Uploading: http://nexus.store.com/repository/maven-snapshots/com/hldh/cloud/base/maven-metadata.xml Uploaded: http://nexus.store.com/repository/maven-snapshots/com/hldh/cloud/base/maven-metadata.xml (276 B at 1.1 KB/sec)

    说明项目已经发布到nexus上了。 这时候在nexus的web页面上, 就能search到刚刚发布的项目了:

    search.png

    上传第三方jar包到nexus

    发布不带pom文件的独立jar包:

    mvn deploy:deploy-file -DgroupId=<group-id> \ -DartifactId=<artifact-id> \ -Dversion=<version> \ -Dpackaging=<type-of-packaging> \ -Dfile=<path-to-file> \ -DrepositoryId=<id-to-map-on-server-section-of-settings.xml> \ -Durl=<url-of-the-repository-to-deploy>

    -DrepositoryId的值即为在setttings.xml里面配置的server id。

    默认情况下,maven会自动为jar包创建pom文件,如果只想保留独立jar包,可以使用参数关闭这个特性: -DgeneratePom=false

    发布带有pom的jar包

    mvn deploy:deploy-file -DpomFile=<path-to-pom> \ -Dfile=<path-to-file> \ -DrepositoryId=<id-to-map-on-server-section-of-settings.xml> \ -Durl=<url-of-the-repository-to-deploy>

    参考: https://maven.apache.org/guides/mini/guide-3rd-party-jars-remote.html

    使用nexus常见错误分析

    Request Entity Too Large

    [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] BUILD FAILURE [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] Total time: 0.984 s [INFO] Finished at: 2017-01-08T15:20:02+08:00 [INFO] Final Memory: 12M/309M [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-deploy-plugin:2.7:deploy-file (default-cli) on project standalone-pom: Failed to deploy artifacts: Could not transfer artifact emay:emayclient:jar:4.3.4 from/to nexus (http://nexus.store.com/repository/maven-releases/): Failed to transfer file: http://nexus.store.com/repository/maven-releases/emay/emayclient/4.3.4/emayclient-4.3.4.jar. Return code is: 413, ReasonPhrase: Request Entity Too Large. -> [Help 1]

    原因:nexus服务使用了nginx做反向代理,jar包的大小超过了nginx所允许的范围。 解决方法:修改nginx.conf配置,将client_max_body_size设置为一个较大的值:

    server { client_max_body_size 10M; listen 80; server_name localhost; location / { proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8000/; } }

    maven编译时,报错:

    Failure to find org.jfrog.maven.annomojo:maven-plugin-anno:jar:1.4.0 in http://myrepo:80/artifactory/repo was cached in the local repository, resolution will not be reattempted until the update interval of MyRepo has elapsed or updates are forced -> [Help 1]

    原因:服务器之前是使用的官方maven库拉取依赖,本地已经存在jar包,配置了nexus仓库之后,跟之前本地的jar包产生了冲突。 解决方法:删除~/.m2/repository目录下对应的jar包。 或者干脆从新download一遍所有jar包。

    mvn clean install -U

    -U表示强制更新所有依赖

    拉取到本地的第三方库,只有lastUpdated文件,却不见pom和jar文件: 本地报错:

    [WARNING] The POM for xxx.jar is missing, no dependency information available

    我一直以为是nexus有bug,代理maven中央仓库时出错。 最后找了好久,发现原来是这个库的groupId改了,而且它还删除了maven中央仓库的groupId对应的包,maven找不到对应的pom和jar包,就只会创建lastUpdated文件。 这次更坚信了nexus的代理机制是很健壮的,出问题一般都是自己本地的问题。

    nexus官方文档: http://books.sonatype.com/nexus-book/reference3/maven.html#maven-sect-single-group

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