1. 在Maven中配置测试插件surefire
[html] view plain copy <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.17</version> </plugin> 2. 默认被执行的测试 默认情况下,surefire会执行文件名以Test开头或结尾的测试用例,或者是以TestCase结尾的测试用例。 [html] view plain copy "**/Test*.java" - includes all of its subdirectories and all java filenames that start with "Test". "**/*Test.java" - includes all of its subdirectories and all java filenames that end with "Test". "**/*TestCase.java" - includes all of its subdirectories and all java filenames that end with "TestCase".</span> 3. 跳过测试 Skipping Tests [html] view plain copy <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.17</version> <span style="color:#009900;"> <configuration> <skipTests>true</skipTests> </configuration></span> </plugin> </plugins> </build> 补充:如果使用Junit或者TestNG也可以直接在当前测试方法上加注解@Ignore忽略,这是加了该注解的也都会被skip 4. 排除测试 Exclusions (Junit & TestNG 通用) [html] view plain copy <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.17</version> <configuration> <span style="color:#009900;"> <excludes> <exclude>**/TestCircle.java</exclude> <exclude>**/TestSquare.java</exclude> </excludes></span> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build> 5. 仅执行一个/一类测试(repeat) Running a Single Test (Junit & TestNG 通用)
在开发过程中配置命令: mvn -Dtest=TestCircle test test表示当前测试方法所在的测试类,不需要扩展名 The value for the test parameter is the name of the test class mvn -Dtest=TestCi*le test *表示任何 mvn -Dtest=TestSquare,TestCi*le test 如果测试类没有使用规范的命名,可以显示的直接指定测试方法的名称
[html] view plain copy Running a set of methods in a Single Test Class With version 2.7.3, you can run only n tests in a single Test Class. NOTE : it's supported for junit 4.x and TestNG. You must use the following syntax mvn -Dtest=TestCircle#mytest test You can use patterns too mvn -Dtest=TestCircle#test* test As of surefire 2.12.1, you can select multiple methods (JUnit4X only at this time, patches welcome) mvn -Dtest=TestCircle#testOne+testTwo test 6. 如何使用TestNG
[html] view plain copy <dependency> <groupId>org.testng</groupId> <artifactId>testng</artifactId> <version>6.3.1</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> [html] view plain copy If using an older version of TestNG (<= 5.11) <dependency> <groupId>org.testng</groupId> <artifactId>testng</artifactId> <version>5.11</version> <scope>test</scope> <span style="color:#009900;"> <classifier>jdk15</classifier></span> </dependency> 默认会执行的测试用例:*Test.java 7. 如何使用TestNG的 suite [html] view plain copy <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.17</version> <configuration> <span style="color:#009900;"><suiteXmlFiles> <suiteXmlFile>testng.xml</suiteXmlFile> </suiteXmlFiles></span> </configuration> </plugin> 注意: This configuration will override the includes and excludes patterns and run all tests in the suite files.
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8. 执行群组测试 execute one or more specific groups (Junit & TestNG 通用)
[html] view plain copy <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.17</version> <configuration> <span style="color:#009900;"> <groups>functest,perftest</groups></span> </configuration> </plugin> 9. 多线程的运行测试用例 Running tests in parallel (Junit & TestNG 通用)
[html] view plain copy <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.17</version> <configuration> <span style="color:#009900;"><parallel>methods</parallel> <threadCount>10</threadCount></span> </configuration> </plugin> 10. 如何使用Junit Using JUnit
[html] view plain copy <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.8.1</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> 11. 如何使用Junit Category Using JUnit Categories
[html] view plain copy <plugin> <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.11</version> <configuration> <span style="color:#009900;"> <strong><groups>com.mycompany.SlowTests</groups></strong></span> </configuration> </plugin> 仅有带该注解的测试 或者 是当前注解 类/接口的 子类 会被执行, This will execute only those tests annotated with the @Category(com.mycompany.SlowTests.class) annotation and those tests annotated with @Category(com.mycompany.SlowerTests.class) if class/interface SlowerTests is subclass of SlowTests: [html] view plain copy public interface SlowTests{} public interface SlowerTests extends SlowTests{} ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ic class AppTest { @Test @Category(com.mycompany.SlowTests.class) public void testSlow() { System.out.println("slow"); } @Test @Category(com.mycompany.SlowerTests.class) public void testSlower() { System.out.println("slower"); } @Test @Category(com.cmycompany.FastTests.class) public void testSlow() { System.out.println("fast"); } } 参考: Junit的@Category详解
12. 如何debug TestCases
[html] view plain copy mvnDebug -DforkCount=0 test dubug非fork的测试 在debug的需求时,还是使用Eclipse最方便 13. 使用系统属性 Using System Properties
[html] view plain copy <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.17</version> <configuration> <span style="color:#009900;"><systemPropertyVariables> <propertyName>propertyValue</propertyName> <buildDirectory>${project.build.directory}</buildDirectory> [...] </systemPropertyVariables></span> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build> 14. 选择surefire provider surefire 默认会根据工程的classpath中已有的Junit|TestNG的版本来选择 test-framework provider,我们也可以手动的选择和覆盖当前的provider [html] view plain copy <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.17</version> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.maven.surefire</groupId> <span style="color:#009900;"> <artifactId>surefire-junit47</artifactId></span> <version>2.17</version> </dependency> </dependencies> </plugin> 目前已经提供的provider有surefire-junit3, surefire-junit4, surefire-junit47 and surefire-testng 参考:http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.maven.surefire 注意:选择手动指定provider时,不要忘记安装test framework 15. class Loading issues please refer to: http://maven.apache.org/surefire/maven-surefire-plugin/examples/class-loading.html