刚申请的用于XenServer虚拟化测试服务器已于昨天到手，基本存储配置为：
1 × 三星960 EVO 250G M.2 NVMe PCI-E固态硬盘，计划安装XenServer系统6 × 西部数据 SATA 3.0 6Gb/s 2T机械硬盘，计划组装RAIDXenServer安装完成后，发现操作系统的用量很少，50G都不到，那么还有近200G的空间是可以使用的。关键这是一块M.2 PCI-E的固态硬盘啊，并非普通的固态硬盘，读写速度是常规SSD的10倍。
# fdisk -l /dev/nvme0n1 WARNING: fdisk GPT support is currently new, and therefore in an experimental phase. Use at your own discretion. Disk /dev/nvme0n1: 250.1 GB, 250059350016 bytes, 488397168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk label type: gpt # Start End Size Type Name 1 46139392 83888127 18G Microsoft basic 2 8390656 46139391 18G Microsoft basic 3 83888128 84936703 512M BIOS boot parti 5 2048 8390655 4G Microsoft basic 6 84936704 87033855 1G Linux swap京东上关于“三星960 EVO 250G”固态硬盘的参数说明：
反正是台虚拟化测试机器，硬盘又有那么高的读写速度，这部分闲置的空间可不能浪费啊，要好好利用，最简单的就是做文件共享。
还有一点，通过fdisk -l命令查看到的M2 SSD硬盘的分区格式是GPT，并非传统的MBR分区模式。在Linux下，fdisk工具不支持GPT，得使用另一个GUN发布的强大分区工具parted。
# parted GNU Parted 3.1 Using /dev/sda Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands. (parted) help align-check TYPE N check partition N for TYPE(min|opt) alignment help [COMMAND] print general help, or help on COMMAND mklabel,mktable LABEL-TYPE create a new disklabel (partition table) mkpart PART-TYPE [FS-TYPE] START END make a partition name NUMBER NAME name partition NUMBER as NAME print [devices|free|list,all|NUMBER] display the partition table, available devices, free space, all found partitions, or a particular partition quit exit program rescue START END rescue a lost partition near START and END rm NUMBER delete partition NUMBER select DEVICE choose the device to edit disk_set FLAG STATE change the FLAG on selected device disk_toggle [FLAG] toggle the state of FLAG on selected device set NUMBER FLAG STATE change the FLAG on partition NUMBER toggle [NUMBER [FLAG]] toggle the state of FLAG on partition NUMBER unit UNIT set the default unit to UNIT version display the version number and copyright information of GNU Parted选择要操作的M2 SSD硬盘：
(parted) select /dev/nvme0n1 Using /dev/nvme0n1查看磁盘的分区表信息及未分配磁盘空间，可以看到，该SSD磁盘还有205G的空间未分配，这也正是我想要利用的一部分空间。
(parted) print free Model: Unknown (unknown) Disk /dev/nvme0n1: 250GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: gpt Disk Flags: pmbr_boot Number Start End Size File system Name Flags 17.4kB 1049kB 1031kB Free Space 5 1049kB 4296MB 4295MB ext3 2 4296MB 23.6GB 19.3GB 1 23.6GB 43.0GB 19.3GB ext3 3 43.0GB 43.5GB 537MB bios_grub, legacy_boot 6 43.5GB 44.6GB 1074MB linux-swap(v1) 44.6GB 250GB 205GB Free Space创建一个文件系统为ext3格式的主分区，并把剩余空闲空间全部分给该分区。注意结尾处是“-1s”，表示要划分空间的结尾是磁盘的最后一个扇区。过程中parted工具会自动调整扇区分配信息，输入“Yes”表示同意，如果输入的是“No”，则会忽略创建分区。若是要创建指定空间的新分区，例如要创建100GB的分区，则命令为：mkpart primary ext3 44.6GB 144.6GB
(parted) mkpart primary ext3 44.6GB -1s Warning: You requested a partition from 44.6GB to 250GB (sectors 87109375..488397167). The closest location we can manage is 44.6GB to 250GB (sectors 87033856..488397134). Is this still acceptable to you? Yes/No? Yes (parted) print free Model: Unknown (unknown) Disk /dev/nvme0n1: 250GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: gpt Disk Flags: pmbr_boot Number Start End Size File system Name Flags 17.4kB 1049kB 1031kB Free Space 5 1049kB 4296MB 4295MB ext3 2 4296MB 23.6GB 19.3GB 1 23.6GB 43.0GB 19.3GB ext3 3 43.0GB 43.5GB 537MB bios_grub, legacy_boot 6 43.5GB 44.6GB 1074MB linux-swap(v1) 4 44.6GB 250GB 205GB ext3 primary新分区创建完后，就可以退出parted分区操作了，然后再对新分区进行格式化：
(parted) quit Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.新分区格式化。这里要注意分区的编号，其组成格式为：磁盘路径+小写字母p+要格式化的GPT分区编号。
# mkfs.ext3 /dev/nvme0n1p4 mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013) Discarding device blocks: done Filesystem label= OS type: Linux Block size=4096 (log=2) Fragment size=4096 (log=2) Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks 12550144 inodes, 50170409 blocks 2508520 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user First data block=0 Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296 1532 block groups 32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group 8192 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872 Allocating group tables: done Writing inode tables: done Creating journal (32768 blocks): done Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done查看分区情况：
# fdisk -l /dev/nvme0n1 WARNING: fdisk GPT support is currently new, and therefore in an experimental phase. Use at your own discretion. Disk /dev/nvme0n1: 250.1 GB, 250059350016 bytes, 488397168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk label type: gpt # Start End Size Type Name 1 46139392 83888127 18G Microsoft basic 2 8390656 46139391 18G Microsoft basic 3 83888128 84936703 512M BIOS boot parti 4 87033856 488397134 191.4G Microsoft basic primary 5 2048 8390655 4G Microsoft basic 6 84936704 87033855 1G Linux swap最后就是挂载分区了：
# mkdir -p /nfs0252 # mount -t ext3 /dev/nvme0n1p4 /nfs0252 # df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on devtmpfs 320M 0 320M 0% /dev tmpfs 330M 72K 330M 1% /dev/shm tmpfs 330M 924K 329M 1% /run tmpfs 330M 0 330M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/nvme0n1p1 18G 1.7G 16G 10% / xenstore 330M 0 330M 0% /var/lib/xenstored /dev/loop0 55M 55M 0 100% /var/xen/xc-install /dev/nvme0n1p5 3.9G 13M 3.7G 1% /var/log tmpfs 66M 0 66M 0% /run/user/0 /dev/nvme0n1p4 189G 60M 179G 1% /nfs0252设置开机自动挂载：
# vi /etc/fstab，新增挂载配置： /dev/nvme0n1p4 /nfs0252 ext3 defaults 0 0