spring整合redis缓存,以注解(@Cacheable、@CachePut、@CacheEvict)形式使用

    xiaoxiao2021-12-14  20

    maven项目中在pom.xml中依赖2个jar包,其他的spring的jar包省略:

    [html]  view plain  copy  print ? <dependency>      <groupId>redis.clients</groupId>      <artifactId>jedis</artifactId>      <version>2.8.1</version>   </dependency>   <dependency>      <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>      <artifactId>spring-data-redis</artifactId>      <version>1.7.2.RELEASE</version>   </dependency>  

    spring-Redis.xml中的内容:

    [html]  view plain  copy  print ? <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>   <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"         xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"         xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"         xmlns:cache="http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache"       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans                               http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd                               http://www.springframework.org/schema/context                               http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd                               http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc                               http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.2.xsd                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache                            http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-cache-4.2.xsd">               <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:redis-config.properties" />            <!-- 启用缓存注解功能,这个是必须的,否则注解不会生效,另外,该注解一定要声明在spring主配置文件中才会生效 -->         <cache:annotation-driven cache-manager="cacheManager" />                 <!-- redis 相关配置 -->          <bean id="poolConfig" class="redis.clients.jedis.JedisPoolConfig">              <property name="maxIdle" value="${redis.maxIdle}" />               <property name="maxWaitMillis" value="${redis.maxWait}" />              <property name="testOnBorrow" value="${redis.testOnBorrow}" />          </bean>             <bean id="JedisConnectionFactory" class="org.springframework.data.redis.connection.jedis.JedisConnectionFactory"            p:host-name="${redis.host}" p:port="${redis.port}" p:password="${redis.pass}" p:pool-config-ref="poolConfig"/>               <bean id="redisTemplate" class="org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate">              <property name="connectionFactory" ref="JedisConnectionFactory" />          </bean>                 <!-- spring自己的缓存管理器,这里定义了缓存位置名称 ,即注解中的value -->          <bean id="cacheManager" class="org.springframework.cache.support.SimpleCacheManager">              <property name="caches">                 <set>                     <!-- 这里可以配置多个redis -->                   <!-- <bean class="com.cn.util.RedisCache">                          <property name="redisTemplate" ref="redisTemplate" />                          <property name="name" value="default"/>                     </bean> -->                     <bean class="com.cn.util.RedisCache">                          <property name="redisTemplate" ref="redisTemplate" />                          <property name="name" value="common"/>                          <!-- common名称要在类或方法的注解中使用 -->                   </bean>               </set>              </property>          </bean>            </beans>    

    redis-config.properties中的内容:

    [html]  view plain  copy  print ? # Redis settings   # server IP   redis.host=127.0.0.1   # server port   redis.port=6379   # server pass   redis.pass=   # use dbIndex   redis.database=0   # 控制一个pool最多有多少个状态为idle(空闲的)的jedis实例   redis.maxIdle=300   # 表示当borrow(引入)一个jedis实例时,最大的等待时间,如果超过等待时间(毫秒),则直接抛出JedisConnectionException;     redis.maxWait=3000   # 在borrow一个jedis实例时,是否提前进行validate操作;如果为true,则得到的jedis实例均是可用的     redis.testOnBorrow=true  

    com.cn.util.RedisCache类中的内容:

    [java]  view plain  copy  print ? package com.cn.util;      import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;   import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;   import java.io.IOException;   import java.io.ObjectInputStream;   import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;      import org.springframework.cache.Cache;   import org.springframework.cache.support.SimpleValueWrapper;   import org.springframework.dao.DataAccessException;   import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnection;   import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisCallback;   import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;      public class RedisCache implements Cache{          private RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate;         private String name;         public RedisTemplate<String, Object> getRedisTemplate() {           return redisTemplate;         }               public void setRedisTemplate(RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate) {           this.redisTemplate = redisTemplate;         }               public void setName(String name) {           this.name = name;         }               @Override         public String getName() {          // TODO Auto-generated method stub             return this.name;         }          @Override         public Object getNativeCache() {         // TODO Auto-generated method stub             return this.redisTemplate;         }           @Override         public ValueWrapper get(Object key) {         // TODO Auto-generated method stub         System.out.println("get key");         final String keyf =  key.toString();         Object object = null;         object = redisTemplate.execute(new RedisCallback<Object>() {         public Object doInRedis(RedisConnection connection)                       throws DataAccessException {             byte[] key = keyf.getBytes();             byte[] value = connection.get(key);             if (value == null) {                return null;               }             return toObject(value);             }          });           return (object != null ? new SimpleValueWrapper(object) : null);         }             @Override          public void put(Object key, Object value) {          // TODO Auto-generated method stub          System.out.println("put key");          final String keyf = key.toString();            final Object valuef = value;            final long liveTime = 86400;            redisTemplate.execute(new RedisCallback<Long>() {                public Long doInRedis(RedisConnection connection)                        throws DataAccessException {                     byte[] keyb = keyf.getBytes();                     byte[] valueb = toByteArray(valuef);                     connection.set(keyb, valueb);                     if (liveTime > 0) {                         connection.expire(keyb, liveTime);                      }                     return 1L;                  }              });           }            private byte[] toByteArray(Object obj) {              byte[] bytes = null;              ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();              try {                ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(bos);                oos.writeObject(obj);                oos.flush();                bytes = bos.toByteArray();                oos.close();                bos.close();               }catch (IOException ex) {                    ex.printStackTrace();               }               return bytes;             }               private Object toObject(byte[] bytes) {            Object obj = null;                try {                  ByteArrayInputStream bis = new ByteArrayInputStream(bytes);                    ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(bis);                    obj = ois.readObject();                    ois.close();                    bis.close();                } catch (IOException ex) {                    ex.printStackTrace();                 } catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {                    ex.printStackTrace();                 }                 return obj;             }               @Override            public void evict(Object key) {              // TODO Auto-generated method stub              System.out.println("del key");            final String keyf = key.toString();              redisTemplate.execute(new RedisCallback<Long>() {              public Long doInRedis(RedisConnection connection)                        throws DataAccessException {                  return connection.del(keyf.getBytes());                 }               });             }               @Override             public void clear() {                // TODO Auto-generated method stub                 System.out.println("clear key");              redisTemplate.execute(new RedisCallback<String>() {                     public String doInRedis(RedisConnection connection)                             throws DataAccessException {                       connection.flushDb();                         return "ok";                    }                });             }              @Override           public <T> T get(Object key, Class<T> type) {               // TODO Auto-generated method stub               return null;           }                  @Override           public ValueWrapper putIfAbsent(Object key, Object value) {               // TODO Auto-generated method stub               return null;           }      }  

    到了这一步,大部分人会想在web.xml的启动配置文件地方(context-param)加入了spring-redis.xml,让项目启动时加载这个配置文件吧,但是这样启动后注解不生效。

    正确的做法是:web.xml中配置了servlet控制器:

    [html]  view plain  copy  print ? <servlet>     <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>     <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>     <init-param>       <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>       <param-value>/WEB-INF/spring-mvc.xml</param-value>     </init-param>     <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>     <async-supported>true</async-supported>   </servlet>  

    在DispatcherServlet的初始化过程中,框架会在web应用的 WEB-INF文件夹下寻找名为spring-mvc.xml的配置文件,如果不指定的话,默认是applicationContext.xml

    只需要在spring-mvc.xml文件中引入spring-redis配置文件即可,正如spring-redis.xml中的启用注解说的:<cache:annotation-driven cache-manager="cacheManager" />注解一定要声明在spring主配置文件中才会生效。

    spring-mvc.xml内容,省略了spring与spring MVC整合的那部分:

    [html]  view plain  copy  print ? <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>   <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"         xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"         xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"         xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans                               http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd                               http://www.springframework.org/schema/context                               http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd                               http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc                               http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.2.xsd">       <!-- 自动扫描该包,使SpringMVC认为包下用了@controller注解的类是控制器 -->         <context:component-scan base-package="com.cn" />                <!-- 引入同文件夹下的redis属性配置文件 -->       <import resource="spring-redis.xml"/>          </beans>    

    在service的实现类中:

    [html]  view plain  copy  print ? @Service   public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService{          @Autowired       private UserBo userBo;          @Cacheable(value="common",key="'id_'+#id")       public User selectByPrimaryKey(Integer id) {           return userBo.selectByPrimaryKey(id);       }              @CachePut(value="common",key="#user.getUserName()")       public void insertSelective(User user) {           userBo.insertSelective(user);       }          @CacheEvict(value="common",key="'id_'+#id")       public void deleteByPrimaryKey(Integer id) {           userBo.deleteByPrimaryKey(id);       }   }  

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